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infection drugs
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What administration considerations apply to amoxicillin and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid? | Client should not crush or chew extended-release form. Chew chewable forms before swallowing. For infants or young children, place drops directly on tongue or mix with a small amount of juice or formula; ensure that child takes full dose. Give at the b |
| What administration considerations apply to cephalexin? | Cephalexin is only available as capsules, tablets, or oral suspension. Other cephalosporins may be available for oral, IM, or IV use. Be careful to differentiate between cephalosporin prescriptions; generic names may be very similar. |
| What administration considerations apply to aztreonam? | Available IM, IV, and for inhalation. Administer IM injections into large muscle and rotate sites. For IV, give as a slow bolus or infusion. Follow recommendations for dilution and rate. Inhalation – Administer three times per day for 28 days. |
| What administration considerations apply to imipenem? | Only available for IM or IV use. IM and IV forms are not interchangeable–assure and use the correct form for prescription. Follow recommendations for rate and dilution when infusing IV doses. |
| What administration considerations apply to vancomycin? | Give orally for C diff infections Give IV for all other infections. Administer slowly IV and follow recommendations for dilution. Infuse separately, if possible (incompatible in solution with many other IV drugs). |
| What administration considerations apply to tetracycline, doxycycline, and minocycline? | Give orally on an empty stomach 1 hr before or 2 hr after meals; give with non-dairy food if client is unable to tolerate. Do not give right before bedtime. Topical form treats acne vulgaris. IM and IV tetracycline are given only if oral form cannot be |
| What administration considerations apply to erythromycin? | Available in four forms: Erythromycin base: tablets, capsules, topical, and ophthalmic ointment Erythromycin stearate: tablets Erythromycin ethylsuccinate (EES): tablets Erythromycin lactobionate: IV form Give erythromycin base and erythromycin stear |
| What administration considerations apply to gentamicin? | Available in topical, ophthalmic, IM/IV, and intrathecal forms Ophthalmic drops Gently press the inner canthus for 1 to 2 min after instilling drops to prevent systemic absorption. Instruct the client to keep eyes shut for 1 to 2 min to maximize loca |
| What administration considerations apply to ciprofloxacin? | Available in oral and IV forms. IV: Infuse slowly over at least 60 min; follow recommendations for dilution. Incompatible with multiple other drugs in IV solution or IV tubing. |
| What administration considerations apply to trimethoprim and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole? | Available as a fixed-dose combination in tablets, liquid solution, and IV form. Give oral dose with 8 oz. of water. Administer intermittent IV infusion slowly (over 60 to 90 min) and with recommended dilution. Drink at least 1,200 to 1,500 mL water/d |
| What administration considerations apply to nitrofurantoin? | Available in oral capsules (Macrodantin and Macrobid) and liquid suspension (Furadantin). Have client swallow capsules whole. Dilute liquid suspension and have client rinse mouth after taking. |
| What administration considerations apply to isoniazid? | Available as tablets and oral syrup. Give tablets in combination with rifampin. Give IM dose in large muscle mass; rotate sites. If IM form contains crystals, warm it to room temperature before using. Give isoniazid with one or more other drugs for act |
| What administration considerations apply to rifampin? | Available as capsules and in two fixed-dose combinations of capsules or tablets with isoniazid (INH). Give rifampin with other TB drugs to prevent resistance. Give oral dose 1 hr before or 2 hr after meals. Available in an IV form. Give IV infusion in |
| What administration considerations apply to metronidazole? | Available as tablets, capsules, sustained-release capsules, topical cream, vaginal gel, and IV infusion. IV powdered form is reconstituted and diluted as recommended for slow IV infusion. Sustained-release form must be swallowed whole and not crushed |
| What administration considerations apply to chloroquine? | Available in oral tablets – preferred IM route available. For clients traveling to regions of the world with malaria, take 500-mg tablets once weekly beginning 1 to 2 weeks before traveling and continuing 4 weeks after leaving the country containing m |
| What administration considerations apply to amphotericin B? | Available for IV infusion; treatment given daily Infuse IV form at recommended dilution and rate; monitor IV site carefully for thrombophlebitis. If ordered, administer a test dose to determine how the client tolerates the drug. There is a lipid-base |
| What administration considerations apply to ketoconazole and itraconazole? | Available in tablets, a topical preparation, and as a shampoo for fungal infections of the scalp – dependent upon drug. Oral: requires acid medium for absorption in stomach; give with cola. |
| What administration considerations apply to acyclovir? | Available in oral capsules and tablets, an oral liquid suspension, topical cream and ointment, and IV forms. Wear gloves and instruct clients to wear gloves (or finger cots) when applying topical forms to prevent cross contamination. IV: infuse at recom |
Created by:
MARIE29
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