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Weather and Climate

Weather and Climate 8th grade

TermDefinition
Air Pressure The force of the atmosphere pushing on Earth’s surface.
High Pressure An area of sinking, dense air that usually brings clear and stable weather.
Low Pressure An area of rising, less-dense air that often leads to clouds, rain, or storms.
Cold Front A boundary where a cold air mass pushes under a warm air mass, bringing storms and cooler weather.
Warm Front A boundary where a warm air mass moves over a cold air mass, producing clouds and steady precipitation.
Isobar A line on a weather map that connects places with the same air pressure.
Weather Map A map showing air pressure, fronts, temperatures, and wind patterns used to predict weather.
Tropical Cyclone A large, rotating storm with a low-pressure center that forms over warm ocean water.
Tropical Storm A developing system with strong winds and organized circulation that can grow into a tropical cyclone.
Storm Surge A rise in sea level pushed onto land by the strong winds of a tropical cyclone.
Solar Energy Energy produced by the Sun that drives weather patterns and ocean movement.
Radiation Energy from the Sun that travels as electromagnetic waves and warms Earth’s surface and atmosphere.
Thermal Energy Heat energy absorbed by land, air, and water that affects temperature and weather.
Convection The movement of air or water caused by warm, less-dense material rising and cool, denser material sinking.
Convection Currents Continuous, circular patterns of moving air or water created by convection.
Hydrosphere All the water on Earth, including oceans, lakes, rivers, groundwater, ice, and water vapor.
Atmosphere The layers of gases surrounding Earth where weather and climate processes occur.
Global Winds Large-scale wind patterns around Earth caused by uneven heating and rotation.
Coriolis Effect The apparent curving of moving air and water due to Earth’s rotation.
Jet Stream A fast, narrow band of winds in the upper atmosphere that steers weather systems.
Created by: martinezrg25
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