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sexual and asexual
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| reproduction | to make more of |
| sexual reproduction | involves 2 parents, makes unique offspring (variety) involves gametes |
| asexual reproduction | reproduction with 'no sex at all' 1 parent, offspring are clones (genetically identical) its fast, you don't need |
| parent | the older generation |
| offspring | babies |
| fertilization | when gametes (sperm and egg or pollen and seed) meet |
| types of asexual reproduction | budding, binary fission |
| selective breeding | a human chooses which 2 things mate |
| allele | a choice for a trait |
| trait | an observable characteristic |
| heredity | passing of traits from parents to offspring |
| genetics | the study of heredity |
| dominant | the allele that DOMINIATES or covers up the other (shows if it is present) represented by a big letter |
| recessive | the allele that HIDES or is covered up, only shows if 2 are present, represented by small letter |
| homozygous | having 2 of the same alleles for a trait |
| heterozygous | having 2 different alleles for the same trait |
| phenotype | what you look like because of your traits |
| genotype | the choices that are actually in your genes |
| Punnett Square | tool used to predict the % chance of a specific trait being passed on if 2 organisms mated |
| Pedigree | tool that is an upside down family tree used to trace a trait through a family |
| chromosome | small pieces of DNA coiled up in the DNA, humans have 46 |
| genes | small spots on chromosomes that code for traits |
| DNA | located in the nucleus (eukaryotic) and in middle of cell is the blueprint |