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Evolution (1 and 2)
Evolution- Natural Selection and Other Mechanisms of Evolution
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| any change in the DNA sequence | mutation |
| genetic recombination | random shuffling of alleles |
| happens during Meiosis and produces genetic variation | crossing over |
| transfer of genes between populations | gene flow |
| allele frequencies change due to chance | genetic drift |
| a change in allele frequency following a dramatic reduction in the size of the population | genetic bottleneck |
| allele frequencies change as a result of the migrations of a small subgroup of a population | founders effect |
| the formation of a new species | speciation |
| group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring | species |
| new species form slowly and steadily | gradualism |
| species experience long periods of little to no change (stasis) interrupted by short, rapid bursts of significant evolutionary change | punctuated equilibrium |
| biological barriers that prevent different species from interbreeding and producing fertile offspring | reproductive isolation |
| Differences in courtship rituals, songs, or displays prevent mating. | behavioral isolation |
| physical barriers prevent mating | geographic isolation |
| Species breed at different times (day/night, seasons, years) | temporal isolation |
| Gradual change in the allele frequency of a population of organisms over time | evolution |
| the core mechanism of evolution where organisms with heritable traits better suited to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce | natural selection |
| humans select variations they found useful and bred animals and plants for those traits. | artificial selection |
| natural differences in traits | variation |
| organisms develop heritable traits that improve their survival and reproduction in a specific environment | adaptation |
| measures how common an allele is in population | allele frequency |
| the maximum population size of a species an environment can sustainably support over time | carrying capacity |
| favors one extreme of the population | directional selection |
| favors the average in the population | stabilizing selection |
| favors both extremes of the population | disruptive selection |
Created by:
hadams2020
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