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Mark Klimek
Yellow Book - Unit 5 - DM, DI, SIADH, Insulin, DKA, HHNK
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Diabetes Insipidus | dehydration polyurethane polydipsia |
| Type I Diabetes Mellitus | Insulin dependent (not producing insulin) Juvenile onset Ketosis prone |
| Type II Diabetes Mellitus | Polyuria (pee a lot) Polydipsia (drink a lot) Polyphagia (eat/swallow a lot) |
| Treatment for Type I Diabetes Mellitus | 1. Insulin 2. Exercise 3. Diet (calories from carbs) |
| Treatment for Type II Diabetes Mellitus | 1. Diet 2. Activity 3. Oral Hypoglycemics |
| Diet of Diabetics | Calorie (carbs) restriction Need to eat 6x per day -- smaller more frequent meals |
| Insulin acts to ___ blood sugar | lower |
| Insulin Type: R | R= Regular, Rapid, Run (IV) Onset: 1 hr Peak: 2 hr Duration: 4 hr |
| Insulin: Type: N | N= NPH, Not in the bag, Not so fast, Not clear (cloudy) Onset: 6 hr Peak: 8-10 hr Duration: 12 hr |
| Insulin Type: Humalog | Insulin= Lispro Fastest Onset: 15 min Peak: 30 min Duration: 3 hrs |
| Insulin Type: Lantus | Long acting Slow absortion No peak Duration: 12-24 hrs |
| With insulin remeber: | Check expiration date Refrigerate but once open no refrigeration |
| Exercise ___ insulin: if more excercise, need ___ insulin. If less exercise, need ___ insulin. | potentiates less more |
| Sick day rules for insulin | take insulin take sips of water stay active as possible |
| Low blood sugar in Type I DM (insulin shock) is caused by: | not enough food too much insulin too much exercise |
| Why is low blood sugar in Type I DM (insulin shock) dangerous? | Permanent brain damage |
| Signs and symptoms of low blood sugar in Type I DM (insulin shock): | Cerebral impairment vasomotor collapse cold clammy slow reaction time "drink shock" |
| Treatment for low blood sugar in Type I DM (insulin shock) | administer rapidly metabolizable carbohydrate (candy, honey) ideal combination: sugar and protein If unconscious IV D50 IM glucagon |
| High blood sugar in Type I DM/DKA/Diabetic Coma is caused by: | too much food not enough insulin not enough exercise #1 cause is acute viral upper respiratory infection within the last 10 days |
| Signs and symptoms of high blood sugar in Type I DM/DKA/Diabetic Coma: | dehydration ketones Kussmaul breathing high K+ acidosis acetone breath anorexia |
| Treatment for high blood sugar in Type I DM/DKA/Diabetic Coma: | Insulin IV (R) IV rate flow 200 mg/hr |
| Treatment for low blood sugar in Type II DM | administer rapidly metabolizable carbohydrate (candy, honey) ideal combination: sugar and protein if unconscious IV D50 IM glucagon |
| High Blood Sugar in Type II DM | called HHNK or HHNC - hyperosmolar, hyperglycemic, non-ketotic coma this is severe dehydration |
| Signs and symptoms of high blood sugar in Type II DM | hit dry increased HR decreased skin turgor |
| Treatment for high blood sugar in Type II DM | rehydration |
| Long term complications of HHNC are related to | poor tissue perfusion peripheral neuropathy |
| Which lab test is the best indicator of long-term blood glucose control (compliance/effectiveness/adherence)? | HA1c (average blood sugar over last 90 days) |
| Cold and clammy Hot and dry | get some candy sugar's high |
Created by:
Blackbeltmom
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