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Mark Klimek
Yellow Book - Unit 4 - Crutches/Canes/Walkers/Psych
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How do you measure crutches for a person? | 2-3 fingerwidths below anterior axillary fold to a point lateral and slightly in front of foot |
| When the handgrip is properly placed, the angle of elbow flexion will be ___ | 30 |
| 2 point gait | step one - move one crutch and opposite foot together step two - move other crutch and other foot together (remember 2 points together for a 2 point gait) used for minor weakness on both legs |
| 3 point gait | step one - move two crutches and bad leg together step two - move good foot (remember 3 point is called 3 point because 3 points touch down at once) |
| 4 point gait | step one - one crutch step two - opposite foot step three - other crutch step four - other foot nothing moves together and everything is really weak |
| Swing through | for two braced extremities (Amputees) |
| Use the ___ numbered gaits when weakness is ___ distrubted. ___ point for mild problems and ___ for severe | even evenly 2 4 |
| Use the ___ numbered gait when one lege is ___ | odd effected |
| Stairs: which foot leads when going up and down stairs on crutches? ___ with the ___ and ___ with the ___. The crutches always move with the ___ leg. | up good down bad bad |
| Cane: Hold the cane on the ___ ___ side. Advance the cane with the ___ side for a wide base of support. | uneffected side opposite |
| What is the correct way to use a walker? | pick it up set it down walk to it |
| What is a big NO when it comes to walkers? | DO NOT tie belongings to the front of the walker |
| What is the correct way to get up from a chair using a walker? | Hold on to chair stand up then grab walker |
| What is the difference between a non-psychotic person and a psychotic person? | non-psychotic - has insight (they know they are sick and it's messing them up) and it is reality based (they see reality the way you do) psychotic person has no insight and is not reality based |
| Delusion | a false, fixed belief or idea or thought there is no sensory component |
| What are the 3 types of delusions? | Paranoid/Persecutory Grandiose Somatic |
| Paranoid/Persecutory Delusion | false, fixed belief that people are out to harm you |
| Grandiose Delusion | false, fixed belief that you are superior |
| Somatic Delusion | false, fixed belief about a body part |
| Hallucination | false, fixed sensory experience |
| What are the 5 types of hallucinations | auditory (hearing) tactile (feeling) visual (seeing) gustatory (tasting) olofactory (smelling) |
| Illusion | a misinterpretation of reality a sensory experience |
| What is the difference between illusions and hallucinations? | With illusions there is a referent in reality (something to which they can refer to). |
| When dealing with a patient experiencing delusions, hallucinations or illusions, first ask "What is their problem?" (what are the different problems that could be going on?) | functional psychosis psychosis of dementia psychotic delirium |
| What are the different types of functional psychosis? | schziophrenia schzioaffected (mood disorder thought process) major depression mania |
| With a functional psychosis the patient has the potential to learn reality. How can you teach reality to a functional psychotic? | acknowledge feelings present reality positve - what is reality negative - what is not reality set a limit enforce the limit |
| Psychosis of dementia | people with Alzheimer's Wernicke's Organic Brain Syndrome Dementia This patient has a brain destruction problem and cannot learn reality. |
| How do you deal with a person with Psychosis of Dementia? | acknowledge feeling Redirect - get them to express the fixation that they are expressing inappropriately to appropriately |
| Psychotic Delirium | temporary episodic secondary dramatic sudden onset of loss of reality due to chemical imbalance UTI thyroid imbalance electrolyte imbalance |
| How do you deal with a patient with Psychotic Delirium? | acknowledge feeling Reassure them of safety and temporaryness |
| What are the different types of loosening of association? | flight of ideas word salad neologisms |
| flight of ideas | stringing phrases together (loosely associated phrases; tangentiality) |
| word salad | throw words together |
| neologisms | making up new words |
| narrowed self-concept | when PSYCHOTIC refuses to change their clothes or leave the room. *don't make a psychotic do something they don't want to do |
| Ideas of reference | you think everyone is talking about you |
| Dementia hallmarks | memory loss inability to learn *functionals can teach dementias cannot |
| Always acknowledge | feeling |
| What are the 3 "Re's"? | Reassure Redirect Reality |
Created by:
Blackbeltmom
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