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arrythmic drugs
nursing pharmacology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Quinidine | Antiarrythmic,purpuric rash,sinaitis,every 6 to 8 hrs,can cause digoxin toxicity. |
| Procainamide(Procan) | butterfly rash |
| Lidocaine(IV or IM) | Hospital based drug.Not available by mouth.Treat ventricular arrythmia |
| Mexitil,Tonocard | Community used preparation by mouth |
| Tenormin | Cardiac selective beta blocker |
| Esmolol | used for surgical arrythmia. |
| Tambocor n Rhythmol | most proarrythmic drug |
| blood over 2.7 nanograms | digoxin toxic |
| Atenolol | Cardiac arrythmia |
| Digoxin toxicity | Blurryvision,halos |
| Digoxin vital sign | affects pulse |
| Digoxin | 70 percent bioavailable, lower dose of patient w/ kidney disease, twice a weeek or 3 times a week. |
| Actual Diurectics | Remover pottasium from body .If low in K+ , it might add K+. |
| Digoxin | inhibit Na, K + pump of a cell. K+ get pushed out of cell. |
| Positive inotropic effect | Sodium inside cell trap Ca, Ca inside smooth muscle causes smooth muscle contraction |
| Normal K+ level | 3.5-5.5 Meq/ml |
| Lasix vs digoxin | drug interraction#2 |
| Aspirin vs Coumadin | drug interaction#1 |
| Normal blood level of digoxin | 0.5-2Ng/ml |
| Sign of digoxin toxicity | Nausea, Vomiting, diarrhea |
| Contractility | Strength of heartbeat |
| Arrhytmia | deviation freom normal rates of heartbeat. |
| Betablockers | treat trachychardia arrhythmia |
| CHF(congestive heart failure) | decrease in cardiac contractility, heart not beating fast as strong as once it did. Heart do it in strength. |
| Primary signs of CHF | Tachychardia |
| CHF | decreased exercise tolerance, SOB, edema, peripheral n pulmonary edema. |
| Treatment goals of CHF | Reduce workloads of heart, lose strength, eliminate sodium from heart. |
| Mild edema | HCTZ |
| Severe edema | lasix(loop diuretics) |
| Ace Inhibitors | no effect on increasing force of heartbeat, reduce salt n water, reduce vascular resisstance, reduce symptoms of CHF and prolong life ,decrease angitension, |
| Digotoxicity | suffer bradychardia less than 60 beats per mts |
| Betapace | treats ventricular n atrial arrhythmias. This drug is part of K+ channel blocker n betablocker |
| Betablocker | treats trachychardia |
| Cordarone or Amidarone | part of Na,Ca,K+ channel blocker plus betablocker. Treats most type of arrhythmia. relax vascular smooth muscle n reduces afterload. |
| Cordarone (duration of action) | 2 and a half- 10 days.Bioavailability-35-65 percent.intial onset of action- 2 to 3 days. |
| SE cordarone | Pulmonary toxicity |
| Symptoms SE cordarone | appears as cough,bronchospasm,sneezing,livertoxicity,,increased liver enzymes, thyroid dysfunction can cause hyperthyroid which can trigger new arryhthmia,loss of visiondue to optic neuritis, microcrystal dedposits on cornea, sunsensitivity. |
| Adenosine | treats AV node arrythmia |
| Adenosine-given IV | Durat of action15 seconds,hospital used |
| pottassiun | antiarryhthmic, 2:1, so low,heart rate n rhythm depend on K . 3.5 Normal K. |
| Angina | Chest pain |
| cLASSIC ANGINA | stress, plaque buildup in arteries,responds to rest n medication. |
| Vasoplastic angina | is cornary artery spasm can occur at anytime including sleep. |
| Unstable Angina | does not respond to rest n medication. Thought to be precursor for heart attack. |
| Treatment Angina | increased o2 delivery to heart, nitrates group of drug. Nitrates are vasodilators. |
| Most popular nitrate | Nitroglycerin |
| Sublingual | under the tongue |
| proper use of Nitroglycerin | 1 tablet under tongue,every 5 mts until chest pain oAfter3 doses n 5 mts, if there is chest pain,after 3 doses r reached n 5 mts, there is chestpain, seek medical attention. |
| Nitroglycerin | goes under tongue, internal jugular vein, right atrium. |
| Transdermal Patch | apply nitroglycerin for 24 hrs, take all that patch, put the patch on. |
| SE nitroglycerin patch | headache (will go away) |
| Isosorbide mononitrate | drug help to mange chest pain |
| Calan n Cardizem | Ca2+ channel. Blockers block calcium from entering smooth mucle which causes smooth muscle relaxation.BP,HEARTRATE,ARRYHTHMIA. |
| Ca outside cell | relax |
| Ca inside cell | contract (digoxin) |
| IMDUR,ISMO,ISORDIL | HAS TO BE GIVEN 4 TIMES A DAY. |
| NITROGLYCERIN | NOT TO BE GIVEN AS SWALLOW PREPARATION.UNDEGOES PASS EFFECTWHERE LIVER DESTROYS N DOESN'T GET IT TO THE BODY. |
| NITROGLYCERIN | APPLY PATCH IN MORNING N REMOVE AT THE BED TIME. |
Created by:
chikku
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