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APSM Biology Unit 4
APSM CA Biology Unit 4 Vocabulary Ecology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Biome | Group of communities/ecosystems that have similar species and abiotic factors |
| Biosphere | The name for the living part of the entire planet |
| Community | collective term for all the living things in an ecosystem |
| Ecology | study of how living things interact with one another & their environment |
| Ecosystem | small area in a biome that has its own specific environmental conditions & living organisms |
| Population | Local group of organisms of the same species |
| Autotrophs | organisms that produces its own food using an inorganic energy source; producers |
| Chemosynthesis | using enzymes to break the inorganic bonds and convert the energy |
| Consumers | organisms that cannot make their own food & get energy from producers; heterotrophs |
| Decomposers | bacterium or fungus that feeds on detritus by secreting enzymes that break it down into simpler molecules |
| Heterotrophs | organisms that cannot make their own food & get energy from producers; consumers |
| Photosynthesis | process whereby a plant’s chloroplasts capture the energy of light & convert it to chemical energy |
| Producers | organisms that produces its own food using an inorganic energy source; autotrophs |
| Compounds | a substance that contains two or more chemical elements |
| Condensation | Part of the water cycle that makes clouds |
| Elements | simplest forms of matter, cannot be decomposed into simpler substances by ordinary chemical processes |
| Energy | ability to do work |
| Evaporation | process in which liquid water enters the atmosphere as water vapor |
| Matter | substance that has mass and takes up space |
| Precipitation | Rain or snow |
| Abiotic factors | Nonliving environmental factors |
| Drainage | how well an area drains water |
| Humus | solid material left behind when organic remains are decomposed |
| Rain Shadow | Dry microclimate on the downwind side of a tall mountain |
| Slope | how steep an area is |
| Soil | Alters local climate factors to make microclimates |
| Topography | Alters local climate factors to make microclimates |
| Commensalism | symbiotic relationship where one organism is benefited and the other neither harmer or helped |
| Competition | relationship in which two organisms compete for the same limited resource |
| consumer-resource interaction | interaction where one organism is benefited and the other is harmed |
| lichen | A mutualistic symbiosis between algae and fungi |
| mutualism | relationship in which both partners benefit |
| obligate mutualism | the interaction between species mutually benefits each other and one or both are unable to survive without the other |
| opportunistic species | adapt to & thrive in environments where they can exploit available resources |
| symbiosis | A close and regimented relationship between two organisms |
| zooxanthellae | single-celled organisms that live in symbiosis with many marine invertebrates |
| climax community | A mature community at the end of succession |
| community | All populations living together in one defined area |
| equilibrium | a state of ecological balance where diversity remains relatively stable |
| niche | All the optimal ranges of all the environmental factors make up this place where creatures live |
| optimal range | The best range of a factor (temperature, humidity, etc.) that a creature prefers |
| primary succession | Occurs on a completely new physical environment |
| secondary succession | Occurs when a climax community suffers disturbance and loses most vegetation |
| succession | a new community succeeds the existing one |
| tolerance range | range of values for an environmental factor in which an organism can survive |
| biome | Group of communities/ecosystems that have similar species and abiotic factors |
| desert | A biome that is very hot and gets very little rain |
| grassland | A biome of moderate temperature and rainfall |
| rainforest | A biome that is very hot and gets lots of rain |
| savanna | tropical grassland biome |
| taiga | aka northern coniferous forest, northern biome with long, harsh winters, dominated by conifers |
| temperate deciduous forest | biome with well-defined seasons, dominated by deciduous broadleaf trees |
| tundra | A cold, dry biome |
| Carrying capacity | how many creatures can live in a particular environment |
| Dominion mandate | When God told Adam and Eve to “have dominion” over creation |
| Exponential growth | happens when there is unlimited resources & the death rate is zero |
| Logistic growth | occurs when resources are limited |
| Population | local group of creatures of the same species |
| Population density | How many organisms live in a specific area |
| Population distribution | arrangement of individuals in space |
| Sustainable development | Using natural resources in a way that ensures there will be more of that resource for future generations |
| Biodiversity | The number of different sorts of creatures that live in a given place |
| Renewable resources | Natural resources that we can make more of |
| Image of God | Our God-given position as representatives of God |
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