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Bio - Chemistry
kill me i hate life
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| atom | smallest particle of an element that has all the characteristics of that element |
| element | a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler chemical substances |
| nucleus | central region of an atom; composed of protons and neutrons |
| proton | positively charged particle in the nucleus of an atom |
| neutron | neutral particle in the nucleus of an atom |
| orbital/electron cloud | regions outside of the nucleus that contain electrons |
| electron | negatively charged particles that exists in orbitals/clouds outside of the nucleus of an atom |
| isotope | atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons |
| chemical bond | attractive forces between atoms and molecules that hold them together |
| compound | substance composed of atoms of two or more different elements that are chemically combined; fixed ratio |
| molecule | a group of atoms held together by covalent bonds; could be two atoms of the same element |
| covalent bond | type of chemical bond in which electrons of one atom are shared with another atom |
| ionic bond | type of chemical bond in which electrons are gained or lost (one atom donates an electron to another); bond forms by the attractive forces between 2 ions of opposite charge |
| ion | an atom (or group of atoms) that gains or loses electrons & has an electrical charge |
| chemical reaction | formation or breakage of bonds between atoms |
| reactants | substances that are involved in a chemical reaction |
| Atomic number | the number of protons in the nucleus of an atoms |
| Atomic mass (mass #) | number of protons + number of neutrons in the nucleus of an atom |
| Bohr Model | model depicting the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in the nucleus of an atom |
| Periodic Table | ordered table that lists all of the elements and their fundamental properties |
| Valence Electrons | Electrons on the outermost energy level (orbital) of an atom |
| Octet Rule | Every atom wants to have eight valence electrons in its outermost electron shell in order to achieve stability. |
| Cation | A positively charged ion |
| Anion | A negatively charged ion |
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