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Musculosketal Care
Chapter 29
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Acromioclavicular (A/C) joint | A simple joint where the bony projections of the scapula and the clavicle meet at the top of the shoulder. |
| Articular cartilage | A pearly layer of specialized cartilage covring the articular surfaces (contact surfaces on the ends) of bones in synovial joints |
| Calcaneus | The hell bone |
| Clavicle | The collarbone |
| Closed fracture | A fracture in which the skin is not broken |
| Compartment syndrome | An elevation of pressure within a closed fascial compartment, characterized by extreme pain, decreased pain sensation, pain on stretching of affected muscles, and decreased power; frequently seen in fractures below the elbow or knee in children. |
| Crepitus | A grating or grinding sensation or sound caused by fractured bone ends or joints rubbing together |
| Dislocation | Disruption of a joint in which ligaments are damaged and the bone ends are completely displaced. |
| Displaced fracture | A fracture in which bone fragments are separated from one another and no tin anatomic alignment. |
| Ecchymosi | bruising or discoloration associated with bleeding within or under the skin. |
| Femur | The thigh bone, which extends from the pelvis to the knee and is responsible for the formation of the hip and knee; the longest and largest bone in the body. |
| Fibula | The outer and smaller bone of the two bones of the lower leg. |
| Fracture | A break in the continuity of a bone. |
| Glenoid fossa | The part of the scapula that joins with the humeral head to form the glenohumeral joint. |
| Hematuria | Blood in the urine |
| Humerus | The supporting bon of the upper arm that joins with the scapula (glenoid) to form the shoulder joint and with the ulna and radius to form the elbow joint. |
| Joint | The place where two bones come into contact |
| Ligament | A band of fibrous tissue that connects bones to bones, and supports and strengthens a joint. |
| Nondisplaced fracture | A simple crack in the bone that has not caused the bone to move from its normal anatomic position; also called a hairline fracture |
| Open fracture | Any break in a bone in which the overlying skin has been damaged |
| patella | The kneecap |
| Point tenderness | Tenderness that is sharply localized at the site of the injury, found by gently palpating along the bone with the tip of one finger. |
| Position of Function | A hand position in which the wrist is slightly dorsiflexed and all finger joints are moderately flexed |
| Pubic Symphysis | The firm cartilaginous joint between the two pubic bones. |
| Radius | The bone on the thumb side of the forearm; important in both wrist and function |
| Reduce | Return a dislocated joint or fractured bone to its normal position; set. |
| retroperitoneal space | The space between the abdominal cavity and the posterior abdominal wall, containing the kidneys, certain large vessels, and parts of the gastrointestinal tract. |
| Scapula | Shoulder blade |
| Sciatic Nerve | The major nerve to the lower extremity; controls much of muscle function in the leg, and sensation in most of the leg and foot. |
| Skeletal muscle | Striated muscles that are attached to bones and usually cross at least one joint. |
| Sling | A bandage or material that helps to support the weight of an injured upper extremity. |
| Splint | A flexible or rigid appliance used to protect and maintain the position of an injured extremity. |
| Sprain | A joint injury involving damage to supporting ligaments, and sometimes partial or temporary dislocation of bone ends. |
| Strain | Stretching or tearing of a muscle; also called a muscle pull. |
| Swathe | A bandage that passes around the chest to secure an injured arm to the chest. |
| tendon | A tough, ropelike cord of fibrous tissue that attaches a skeletal muscle to a bone |
| Tibia | The larger of the two lower leg bones responsible for supporting the major weight-bering surface of the knee and the ankle; the shinbone. |
| Traction | Longitudinal force applied to a structure. |
| Ulna | The bone on the small finger side of the forearm; most important for elbow function |
| Zone of injury | the area of potentially damaged soft tissue, adjacent nerves, and blood vessels surrounding an injury to a bone or a joint. |
Created by:
azoch
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