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Biology Study Guide

From MRS SMITH study guide for midterm

TermDefinition
Biotic the living components of an ecosystem (Pertaining to life: consisting of living things. Examples: Plants, animals, fungi, and microorganisms . Each group, along with waste and dead organic matter, contributes as producers, consumers, or decomposers.
Abiotic The non-living components of an ecosystem that influence living organisms and the environment Examples:sun(light), soil, water, temperature, and air.
Carrying capacity Maximum population size an environment can support sustainably
Limiting Factors Conditions that restrict population growth (Food, water, space, disease, predation)
Keystone species A species that has a disproportionately large effect on ecosystem stability
Photosynthesis Process plants use to convert sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide, glucose and oxygen. Chemical Equation=6CO2+6H2O+light energy→C6H12O6+6O2
Cellular Respiration Process of breaking down glucose to release energy (ATP) Chemical equation: C6H12O6+6O2→6CO2+6H2O+ATP
Two factors that affect the rate of cellular respiration/composition Temperature & Oxygen availability
What is the purpose of cellular respiration Transfer energy from glucose to ATP for cell functions.
Why is photosynthesis important for life on Earth? Provides oxygen and food, the basis of life.
What do plants use glucose for? Energy, growth, storage (starch).
What is the relationship between cellular respiration and photosynthesis in plants? Photosynthesis makes glucose; respiration breaks it down.
Why do plants need to do cellular respiration if they already do photosynthesis? They need ATP for growth, repair, and metabolism.
Direct relationship Both variables increase or decrease together.
Inverse relationship One increases while the other decreases.
As oxygen increases, the rate of cellular respiration increases. Direct or inverse? direct
As altitude increases, oxygen concentration decreases. Direct or inverse? inverse
Carbon Cycle Movement of carbon among atmosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, and geosphere.
Carbon Sink Natural reservoir that stores carbon (forests, oceans, soil).
What are the four spheres of the earth? Atmosphere (air), Biosphere (living things), Hydrosphere (water), Geosphere (Land/rocks)
What are some ways we can reduce the amount of carbon dioxide release due to fires? Controlled burns, fire prevention, reforestation, reducing fossil fuel use.
Created by: Jaimedagoat
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