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Chapter 4
L2
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Cell membrane | A cell structure that controls, which substances can enter or leave the cell. |
| Nucleus | A cell structure that contains nucleic acids, the chemical instructions that direct all the cells activities. |
| Organelle | A tiny structure that carries out a specific function within the cell. |
| Ribosome | A small grain- like structure in the cytoplasm of a cell where proteins are made. |
| Cytoplasm | The region between the cell membrane and the nucleus; and organisms without a nucleus, the region located inside the cell membrane. |
| Mitochondria | Rod-like cell structures that convert energy in food molecules to energy the cell can use to carry out its function |
| Endoplasmic reticulum | A cell structure that forms a maze of passageways in which proteins and other materials are carried from one part of the cell to another |
| Golgi apparatus | a structure in a cell that receives proteins and other newly formed materials from the Endoplasmic reticulum , packages them, and distributes them to other parts of the cell. |
| Vacuole | A sac Inside a that acts as a storage area. |
| Lysosome | A small, round cell structure containing chemicals that break down large food particles into smaller ones. |
| Multicellular | Consisting of many cells |
| Unicellular | Made of a single cell |
| Tissue | A group of similar cells that perform a specific function |
| Organ | an organ is made up of different tissues |
| Organ system | groups of organs |
| Specialized cells | Type of cell that has unique features that allow it to perform specific functions in the body |
| List what is inside the nucleus | Nuclear envelope, nucleoplasm, chromatin, nucleolus |
| What is the difference between animal and plant cell structures | Plant cells contain a cell wall, chloroplasts and vacuoles. Animal cells have centrioles and lysosomes. |
| Describe what the endoplasmic recticulum does for ribosomes | It is primarily responsible for the synthesis, folding, and modification of proteins destined for use within the cell. |
| Where ribosomes are made and why they are so important | They are made in the nucleolus of the cell nucleus and are crucial for protein synthesis |
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