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GOL 106
Exam 2 preparation
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Dark facies is | offshore facies |
| brown is | nearshore facies |
| Strata is | the layers of the rocks. |
| Which rock most commonly form strata? | Sedimentary rocks |
| What is stratigraphy? | Its the study of rock layers |
| A data in strata means | The rock layers hold the information's. |
| A formation is | a rock unit that can be mapped |
| Facies tell you what? | Where the rock was formed |
| What represent the characteristics that shows the depositional environment? | Facies |
| What does Walthers principle states? | Environments next to each other, side by side can become stacked on top of each other when sea level changes |
| In marine transgression what does sediments do? | get fined upward. |
| In marine regression what does sediments do? | get coarser upwards |
| An epicontinental sea forms when? | when sea level rises and flood continents. |
| What sea is a shallow sea covering part of continent? | Epicontinental sea (also called an epeiric sea) |
| What is the stable interior of the continent? | A craton. is also the old and stable core of continent. |
| Craton basement is usually what? | is usually granite and genesis. these are old igneous and metamorphic rocks that form the craton basement. |
| Igneous roof form layers through what? | Mainly through lava flows and mineral settling. |
| What is a geologic contact between sedimentary strata? | is simply the boundary or surface where one rock layer touches another rock layer. |
| What is a foreland basin? | is a big, long, shallow-to-deep depression in the Earth’s crust that forms next to a mountain range. |
| red/yellow/orange | high oxygen and oxidation of iron |
| low oxygen | darker color |
| What is fossil record? | The fossil record is all the fossils that have ever been found (and not yet found) on Earth plus the information they give us. |
| What is index fossil? | is a fossil of an organism that lived for a short time but was widespread. |
| Geologists use what to determine the age of rock layers. ? | Index fossil |
| The geologic range of an organism is what? | is the total time that species (or genus, family, etc.) existed on Earth. |
| What is a fossil assemblage? | is a group of different fossils found together in the same rock layer. |
| What is a foreland basin? | A basin that develops parallel to a mountain range that collects sediment from the eroding mountains. |
| A coarse sandstone and conglomerate would be indicative of which type of environment? | fluvial |
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