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Physiology 2

Week 7-13

QuestionAnswer
What is the main action of sternocleidomastoid muscle? Bilateral: flexes neck; unilateral: rotate head to opposite side.
What is the main function of the rectus abdominis? Flexes the vertebral column and compresses the abdomen.
Which muscles extends the forearm at the elbow? Triceps brachii
What are the main phases of an action potential? Depolarization, repolarization, and hyperpolarization. Mnemonics: DRH- Down, Return, a little Hyper
What is a synapse? A junction between neurons (or neuron and effector) where signals are transmitted.
What is the difference between gray matter and white matter? Gray= neuron cell bodies; White= myelinated axons
What are the two key functions of cerebrospinal fluid? Cushions brain/spinal cord and transports nutrients/wastes.
What are the three meninges from outer to inner? Dura matter, arachnoid mater, pia mater
Typical neurotransmitter uses in ANS? Acetylcholine (ACh) and norepinephrine (NE)
Which structures are mainly responsible for balance? Semicircular canals and vestibule in inner ear.
What are the four main hearts valves? Tricuspid, pulmunary, mitral (bicuspid), aortic
Conduction system of the heart in order? SA node---AV bundle (bundle of His) ---bundle branches---Purkinje fibers
Difference between passive and active immunity? Active: body makes its own antibodies; Passive: antibodies are given (mom to baby, injections).
Difference between B and T lymphocytes? B cells make antibodies; T cells attack infected cells and help regulate.
What is tidal volume? Amount of air inhaled or exhaled in a normal quiet breath?
Created by: Mbuted
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