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Ecology
Kubon Bio I Ecology
| Vocabulary | Definition |
|---|---|
| abiotic factors | physical, or nonliving, factor that shapes an ecosystem |
| biotic factors | biological influence on organisms within an ecosystem |
| ecosystem | a collection of all the organisms that live in a particular place, together with their nonliving, or physical, environment |
| niche | full range of physical and biological conditions in which an organism lives and the way in which the organism uses those conditions |
| population | a group of individuals that belong to the same species and live in the same area |
| community | assemblages of different populations that live together in defined areas |
| ecological pyramid | a diagram that shows the relative amounts of energy or matter contained within each trophic level of a food chain or food web |
| biomass | the total amount of living tissue within a given trophic level |
| trophic level | step in a food chain or food web |
| 10% rule | only about ten percent of the energy available within one trophic level is transferred to organisms at the next trophic level |
| food chain | series of steps in an ecosystem in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten |
| food web | network of complex interactions formed by the feeding relationships among the various organisms in an ecosystem |
| autotroph | organism that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce its own food from inorganic compounds |
| heterotroph | organism that obtains energy from the foods it consumes |
| producer | Organism that is capable of producing its own food |
| consumer | organism that relies on other organisms for its energy and food supply |
| limiting factor | a factor that causes a population to decrease |
| density-independent limiting factor | limiting factor that affects all populations in similar ways, regardless of population size; such as weather or natural disasters |
| density-dependent limiting factor | a limiting factor that depends on population size; such as competition, predation, parasitism, and disease |
| population density | the number of individuals per unit area |
| competition | occurs when organisms of the same or different species attempt to use an ecological resource in the same place at the same time |
| predation | an interaction in which one organism captures and feeds on another organism |
| carrying capacity | the largest number of individuals of a population that a given environment can support |
| symbiosis | any relationship in which two species live closely together |
| mutualism | symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit from the relationship |
| commensalism | symbiotic relationship in which one member of the association benefits and the other is neither helped or harmed |
| parasitism | symbiotic relationship in which one organism lives in or on another organism and consequently harms it |
| biome | a group of ecosystems that have the same climate and similar dominant communities |
| adaptation | inherited characteristic that increases an organisms chance of survival |
Created by:
lisakubon
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