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Chemistry Unit 4

TermDefinition
Thermochemistry The study of energy changes that occur during chemical reactions and changes in state
Energy The ability to do work
Work Ability of an object to move against a force
Kinetic Energy Energy of motion = more KE, move faster
Potential Energy Energy stored in a chemical bond
Heat (q) Energy that transfers from one object to another because of the temperature difference. Will flow from higher temperature to a lower temperature
Absolute Zero Coldest theoretical temperature where all molecular motion stops
Kelvin Cannot be zero or negative
Law of Conservation of Energy In any chemical or physical process. Energy is not created or destroyed, it is transferred
Endothermic Process One that absorbs heat from the surroundings
Exothermic Process One that releases heat to the surroundings
Calorie (cal) The quantity of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water 1 degree celsius
Joule (J) SI Unit of energy
Specific Heat Capacity The amount of energy to heat 1 gram of a substance by 1 degree Celsius
Calorimetry Accurate and precise measurement of heat changes for chemical and physical processes
Exothermic reaction ^H is negative (releasing heat energy)
Endothermic reaction ^H is positive (absorbing heat energy)
Heat of Fusion (Hf) The heat absorbed by one gram of a solid substance as it melts to a liquid at constant temperature. Sames as when heat is released when the liquid freezes
Heat of Vaporization (^Hvap) The amount of heat necessary to vaporize (boil) one gram of a given liquid. The same as when the vapor condenses
Created by: user-1866784
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