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Biology Plants
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| angiosperms | flowering seed plants whose flowers produce seeds covered by fruit |
| woody plants | plants that produce wood |
| tap root system | has one main root with others branching off |
| fibrous root system | primary root is small many slender secondary roots grow from it in all directions |
| legumes | pod-like shape, enrich the soil as they grow |
| shoot system | part of the plant found above the ground |
| root system | part of the plant under the ground |
| petiole | the leaf stalk (short stem of the leaf) |
| sessile | leaves have no petiole |
| sheath | protective covering, lower part of the leaf enveloping the stem |
| catkins | flowers in disguise, tassel-like structures |
| stomata | tiny opening that allows air to move in and out of the leaves |
| guard cells | open and close the stomata |
| mesophyll | middle portion of the leaf, part where photosynthesis takes place |
| cell membrane | surrounds the cell and separates it from its environment and regulates what comes in and out of the cell |
| nucleus | controls the cell's activities |
| cytoplasm | serves as the fluid medium that makes up the cell |
| cell wall | outside of the cell membrane, gives structure to the cell, made of cellulose |
| autotroph | plants that make their own food, producers |
| heterotroph | plants that don't make their own food, consumers |
| composite flowers | a cluster of many separate flowers, resemble a single flower (ray and disc) |
| nitrofixing bacteria | grows on legumes |
| stolon | grass that grows above the ground |
| monocots | one cotyledon, parallel veins, petals in 3, fibrous root system |
| dicots | 2 cotyledons, broad flat leaves, petals in 4 or 5, tap root system |
| alternate | one node per leaf |
| opposite | 2 leaves per node |
| whorled | 3 or leaves per node |
| rosette | leaves arranged at the base |
| photosynthesis | chloroplasts capture radiant energy from the sun and convert it into chemical energy |
| glucose | hydrogen atoms mixed with co2 (carbon dioxide) |
| tugor pressure | water in guard cells produce this pressure |
| turgid | when guard cells are filled with water |
| temporary wilting | when transpiration takes place faster than the roots can absorb water |
| permanent wilting | results in loss of leaves or death of plant |
| tendrils | special leaves of vines |
| spines | special leaves of cactus which have no chlorophyll |
| insectivorous plants | leaves can trap and digest small insects |
| abscission layer | causes leaves to fall |
| deciduous | trees that lose their leaves in winter |
| samara | fruits with tiny wings |
| pistil | vase shaped structure of a flower, the central structure of a flower most have one |
| ovary | swollen base of the pistil containing egg cells called ovules |
| stigma | part of the pistil which receives the pollen grains |
| complete flower | has sepals, petals, stamens, and pistils |
| incomplete flower | lacks one or more of the four flower parts |
| staminate | male flowers, lack pistils and have stamens |
| pistillate | female flowers, lack stamens and have pistils |
| monoecious | plants that have both have staminate and pistillate flowers |
| structural tissue | forms the body or stucture of the plant |
| epidermal tissue | protects and covers plant parts |
| parenchma | makes and stores food |
| xylem | transports water and dissovles minerals upward |
| phloem | transports food downwards |
| vascular tissue | conducts materials throughout the plant |
| meristematic tissue | produces tissue of all kinds for growth and repair |
| apical meristems | longitudal plant growth |
| vascular cambium | makes new xylem and phloem tissue |
| cork cambium | makes new cork tissue |
| vacuoles | store food material, fluid, and minerals in cells |
| nucleus | controls the cell's activities |
| xanthophyll | produces yellowish colors |
| carotene | produces yellowish-orange colors |
| anthocyamin | produces bright red, blue and purple colors |
| nucleus | controls the cell's activities |
| xanthophyll | produces yellowish colors |
| carotene | produces yellowish-orange colors |
| anthocyamin | produces bright red, blue and purple colors |
Created by:
claireebell
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