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Study Terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Axial Muscles | Muscles that support and position the head, neck, and trunk. |
| Appendicular Muscles | Muscles that move the limbs and stabilize the pectoral and pelvic girdles. |
| Neuromuscular Junction | The point where a motor neuron communicates with a skeletal muscle fiber. |
| Acetylcholine | The neurotransmitter that triggers muscle contraction at the neuromuscular junction. |
| Myofibril | A protein bundle inside muscle fibers that contains the contractile units. |
| Sarcomere | The basic functional unit of muscle contraction. |
| Neuron | A nerve cell that sends and receives electrical impulses. |
| Neuroglia | Support cells that protect and assist neurons. |
| Central Nervous System | The brain and spinal cord, responsible for processing information. |
| Peripheral Nervous System | Neural tissue outside the CNS that carries signals to and from the brain and spinal cord. |
| Autonomic Nervous System | The part of the PNS that controls involuntary activities. |
| Sympathetic Division | The branch of the autonomic system that prepares the body for stress. |
| Parasympathetic Division | The branch that promotes rest, digestion, and energy storage. |
| Photoreceptors | Cells in the eye that detect light. |
| Endocrine Gland | A gland that releases hormones directly into the bloodstream. |
| Hormone | A chemical messenger that regulates body functions. |
| Alveoli | Tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs. |
| Pulmonary Ventilation | The movement of air into and out of the lungs. |
| Lymphatic System | A system that returns fluid to the blood and supports immune defense. |
| Antibody | A protein produced by the immune system that helps identify and destroy pathogens. |