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The Earth System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| a person who uses science knowledge to design something in order to solve a problem | engineer |
| a supply of something that is useful | resource |
| to put together multiple pieces of information in order to understand something | synthesize |
| the number of people | population |
| when harmful materials (like trash, chemicals, or smoke) get into air, water, or soil and make them dirty or unsafe for people, animals, and plants. | pollution |
| a long time with less rain or snow than usual, which causes a shortage of water for people, plants, and animals. | drought |
| something from nature (like water, trees, soil, minerals, or sunlight) that people use to meet their needs. | natural resource |
| the movement of water on, above, and through Earth | the water cycle |
| occurs when liquid water changes into a gas, called water vapor | evaporation |
| occurs when liquid water inside plants is changed into water vapor and leaves the plant | transpiration |
| occurs when water vapor in the atmosphere cools and begins changing back into liquid water. | condensation |
| occurs when water droplets become heavy and fall back to Earth | precipitation |
| occurs when water from precipitation moves from a higher elevation to a lower elevation | runoff |
| the collection of water in a large area | accumulation |
| rain, snow, sleet, hail | types of precipatiation |
| liquid precipitation that falls as droplets | rain |
| solid precipitation that falls as ice crystals | snow |
| a mix of liquid and solid precipitation that falls together | sleet |
| solid precipitation that falls as spheres or irregular lumps of ice | hail |
| drives the water cycle by providing thermal energy | the sun |
| a think layer of gases that surrounds planet Earth and helps maintain life | the atmosphere |
| largest bodies of water on Earth | the oceans |
| The four subsystems everything on Earth can be placed into | Earth's spheres |
| includes all the waters on Earth's surface, the waters in the air, and the waters underground | hydrosphere |
| made up of the parts of Earth where life exists | biosphere |
| the Earth itself. Includes the nonliving things that make up the land on Earth | geosphere |
| water in the form of invisible gas | water vapor |