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Heredity Part 2

QuestionAnswer
DNA to RNA to protein central dogma
DNA to DNA replication
DNA to RNA transcription
RNA to protein translation
random change in DNA mutation
building blocks of protein amino acids
building blocks of DNA and RNA (nucleic acids) nucleotides
descriptions of DNA molecule double helix / twisted ladder
type of RNA that carries DNA's message outside messenger (mRNA)
type of RNA that helps make ribosomes ribosomal (rRNA)
type of RNA that carries an amino acid to the ribosome transfer (tRNA)
start codon AUG
stop codons UGA , UAA , UAG
controls the cell's activities ; holds DNA nucleus
sugar found in RNA ribose
sugar found in DNA deoxyribose
a group of 3 mRNA bases codon
mutation where 1 bases has been exchanged for another substitution
mutation where 1 base has been removed deletion
mutation where 1 or more bases have been added insertion
serious mutation where the "reading frame" has been moved to the left or right ; affects ALL amino acids after it frameshift mutation
less serous mutation where only 1 amino acid could be affected point mutation
enzyme that adds base pairs to the growing amino acid chain and has proofreading ability to correct replication errors DNA polymerase
enzyme that is molecular "scissors" that unzips the DNA molecule by breaking hydrogen bonds helicase
enzyme that is the molecular "glue" that zips the DNA molecule back up ligase
2 steps of protein synthesis transcription and translation
mutation that does NOT affect any amino acids ; is neutral silent mutation
Created by: cadetjt
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