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Chest Injuries
Chapter 27
Question | Answer |
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Closed Chest Injury | An injury to the chest in which the skin is not broken, usually due to blunt trauma. |
Dyspnea | Difficulty breathing |
Flail Chest | A condition in which two or more ribs are fractured in two or more places or in association with a fracture of the sternum so that a segment of chest wall is effectively detached from the rest of the thoracic cage. |
Flutter Valve | A one-way valve that allows air to leave the chest cavity but not return; formed by taping three sides of an occlusive dressing to the chest wall, leaving the fourth side open as a valve. |
Hemoptysis | The spitting or coughing up of blood |
Hemothorax | A collection of blood in the pleural cavity. |
Myocardial Contusion | A bruise of the heart muscle. |
Occlusive dressing | A dressing made of vaseline gauze, aluminum foil, or plastic that prevents air and liquids from entering or exiting a wound. |
Open chest injury | An injury to the chest in which the chest wall itself is penetrated, by a fractured rib or, more frequently, by an external object such as a bullet or knife. |
Paradoxical Motion | The motion of the portion of the chest all that is detached in a flail chest; the motion-in during inhalation, our during exhalation- is exactly the opposite of normal chest wall motion during breathing. |
Pericardial Tamponade | Compression of the heart due to a buildup of blood or other fluid in the pericardial sac. |
Pericardium | the fibrous sac that surrounds the heart. |
Pnewmothorax | An accumulation of air or gas in the pleural cavity. |
Pulmonary contusion | a bruise of the lung. |
Spontaneous pneumothorax | a pneumothorax that occurs when a weak area on the lung ruptures in the absence of major injury, allowing air to leak into the pleural space. |
Sucking chest wound | An open or penetrating chest wall wound through which air passes during inspiration and expiration, creating a sucking sound. |
tachypnea | Rapid respirations |
Tension Pneumothorax | An accumulation of air or gas in the pleural cavity that progressively increases the pressure in the chest with potentially fatal results. |