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Grammar Quiz 12 B
Assessment over Chapter 12B: Words and Word Classes
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Pronoun | A word that carries little meaning outside of a specific context; it takes the position of a nominal. |
| Personal pronoun | A pronoun referring to a specific person or thing: In the subjective case these are I, you, he, she, we, you, they, and it. They have different forms for objective and possessive case. |
| Number | A feature of nouns and pronouns, referring to singular and plural. |
| Person | A feature of personal pronouns relating to point of view, the relationship of the writer or speaker to the reader or listener. (1st person, 2nd person, and 3rd person.) |
| Case | A feature of nouns and certain pronouns that denotes their function in the sentence. The 3 distinctions are subjective, objective, and possessive. |
| Subjective | The role in the sentence of a noun phrase or a pronoun when it functions as the subject of the sentence; the distinctive inflected forms are: I, he, she, they, and so on. |
| Objective | The role in the sentence of a noun phrase or pronoun when it functions as an object--direct object, indirect object, object complement, or object of a preposition. |
| Possessive | The inflected form of nouns (John's, the dog's) and pronouns (my, his, your, her, their, whose, etc.), usually indicating possession or ownership. |
| Sexist language | The use of the masculine pronoun in a general sense, to include the feminine; and the word "man" used to mean "human being" or "people." |
| Antecedent | The noun or nominal that a pronoun refers to: "Max" said he would come. |
| Hypercorrection | Making a correction when one isn't necessary. The tendency to hypercorrect usually stems from the misapplication of rules learned in childhood. |
| Ambiguous/Ambiguity | A condition in which a structure has more than one possible meaning. The source may be lexical (She is "blue") or structural ("visiting relatives" can be boring) or both (the detective looked "hard.") |
| Reflexive pronouns | A pronoun formed by adding -self or -selves to a form of the personal pronoun, used as an object in the sentence to refer to a previously named noun or pronoun |
| Intensive reflexive pronoun | The function of the reflexive pronoun when it emphasizes a noun or pronoun: I "myself" prefer chocolate. |
| Reciprocal pronoun | The pronouns "each other" and "one another," which refer to previously named nouns. |
| Demonstrative pronoun | The pronouns this (plural these) and that (plural those), which function as nominal substitutes and as determiners. They include the feature of proximity. |
| Indefinite pronoun | A large category that can be roughly divided in two. Compound indefinite pronouns combine every-, some-, any-, or no- with -one, -body, or -thing: someone, anybody, nothing. The of-pronouns can be followed by an of-phrase: some (of), all (of,) etc. |