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ECWB 2E. M2

Exploring Creation With Biology, Module 2 Vocabulary

QuestionAnswer
Monera Kingdom which contains all organisms that are composed of either one prokaryotic cell or a simple association of prokaryotic cells.
Prokaryota A cell that has no distinct, membrane-bounded organelles.
Eukaryotic A cell with distinct, membrane-bounded organelles
Bacteria Can essentially be applied to all organisms in Kingdom Monera.
Pathogen An organism that causes disease
Capsule Surrounds the cell wall of some bacteria.
Cell wall Holds the contents of the bacterium together.
False-Colour Images Images made with an electron scaning microscope which fills images with contrasting colours in order to see. The colours actually have no relation to the specimen.
Plasma Membrane It is under the bacterium's cell wall.
Cytoplasm Exists throughout the interior of the cell supporting the DNA and ribosomes.
Ribosomes Produce proteins.
fimbriae The fibrous bristles outside the cell wall and capsule. They are used for grasping.
sex pili Fimbriae are called this when used in reproduction.
flagellum What allows some bacteria to move.
saprophyte An organism that feeds on dead matter.
parasite An organism that feeds on a living host.
chemosynthesis A process by which some bacteria promote chemical reactions which release energy.
digestion When humans break down their food into small molecules that our bodies can absorb.
aerobic organisms An organism that requires oxygen.
anaerobic organism An organism that does not require oxygen.
steady state A state in which members of a population die as quickly as new members are born.
exponential growth Population growth that is unhindered because of the abundance of resources for an every-increasing population.
logistic growth Population growth that is controlled by limited resources.
genetic recombination Can occur in one of three ways: conjugation, transformation or transduction.
conjugation A temporary union of two organisms for the purpose of DNA transfer.
plasmid A small circular section of extra DNA that confers one or more traits to a bacterium and can be reproduced seperatly from the main bacterial genetic code.
transformation The transfer of a DNA segment from a nonfunctional donor cell to that of a functional recipient cell.
transduction The process by which infection by a virus results in DNA being transfered from one bacterium to another.
endosphere The DNA and other essential parts of a bacterium coated with several hard layers.
Gram Stain A multisteo staining procedure used on bacteria.
Gram Negative Bacteria that looks red after Gram Stain.
Gram Positive BActeria that looks blue after gram stain.
Phylum Firmicutes Bacteria with a cell wall that retians Gram Stain.
Phylum Tenericutes Bacteria with no cell wall whatsoever.
Phylum Memdosicutes Has cell walls different from Gracilicutes and Firmicutes.
3 sub-classes of Gracilicutes Scotobacteria, Anoxyphotobacteria and Oxyphotobacteria.
scotobacteria nonphotosynthetic bacteria
anoxyphotobacteria Photosynthetic bacteria that does not produce oxygen.
oxyphotobacteria Photosynthetic bacteria that produces oxygen.
2 sub-classes if Firmicutes Firmibacteria and Thallobacteria
Firmibacteria cocci and bacilli bacteria
Thallobacteria Everything not in Fimilacteria
sub-class of Tenericutes mollicutes
mollicutes another kind of pnuemonia causing bacteria
sub-class of Mendosicutes archaebacteria
archaebacteria bacteria with exotic cell walls
Phylum Gracilicutes Bacteria with cell wall that doesn't retain gram stain.
Created by: time2study...ugh
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