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Unit 10/11 Biology

NATURAL SELECTION-EVOLUTION-CLASSIFICATION

QuestionAnswer
Method of determining age of a fossil by comparing its placement with that of fossils in other layers of rock RELATIVE DATING
Method that determines the approximate age of a fossil in number format by using radioactive minerals in rocks ABSOLUTE DATING
The idea that life could arise from nonliving matter SPONTANEOUS GENERATION
When nature provides the variation and humans select those they find useful ARTIFICIAL SELECTION
The process by which organisms with traits well suited for environment survive and reproduce at a greater rate than those not suited to that environment NATURAL SELECTION
On the Galapagos Islands, Charles Darwin observed what SOMEWHAT SIMILIAR SPECIES WITH TRAITS SUITED TO THEIR ENVIRONMENT
Fossils provide the most important information about extinct species' ___________________ STRUCTURES
Over many generations, unrelated or distantly related species may come to resemble each other due to what? SIMILIAR ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS
One necessary condition for the evolution of the first Life on Earth was what? THE PRESENCE OF WATER
Fossilized evidence of Earth's first forms of life would consist of PROKARYOTES FROM THE PRECAMBRIAN
A pattern in which species experience long, stable periods interrupted by brief periods of rapid evolutionary change is called PUNCTUATED EQUILIBRIUM
An adaptation is an inherited characteristic that can be PASSED DOWN TO FUTURE GENERATIONS
When a farmer breeds only his or her best livestock, this is called ARTIFICIAL VARIATION
The process of change over time is called EVOLUTION
The process by whereby groups from the common ancestor evolve and accumulate differences, resulting in a formation of new species is DIVERGENT EVOLUTION
The process whereby organisms not closely related, independently evolve similar traits as a result of having to adapt to similar environments is CONVERGENT EVOLUTION
Structures that are shared by related species that have been inherited by common ancestor HOMOLOGOUS STRUCTURES
Structures that share a common function, but not structure are ANALOGOUS STRUCTURES
Structures that are inherited from ancestors but have lost much or all of their function due to different selection are VESTIGICAL STRUCTURES
In the scientific version of a species name, which term is lowercase? THE SECOND TERM
The first word of a scientific name is GENUS (CAPITAL LETTERS)
The second word of a scientific name is species (lowercase)
The most general and largest category in the Classification is DOMAIN
Created by: jlelliott
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