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Chapter 4
Chapter 4 Population Ecology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Ecology | the study of how organisms interact with one another and with their enviroments |
| Species | a group of individuals that interbreed and produce fertile offspring |
| Population | the members of a species that live in the same area |
| Community | all of the population in a particular area |
| Ecosystem | all living things and their physical enviroments within a particular area |
| Biosphere | the Earth and all of its organisms and enviroments |
| Biotic Factor | any part of an ecosystem that is living or used to be living |
| Abiotic Factor | any part of an ecosystem that has never been living |
| Habitat | the specific enviroment in which an organism lives |
| Resource | anything an organism needs; includes nutrition, shelter, mates, and breeding sites |
| Population Size | the number of individual organisms present in a population at a given time |
| Population Density | the number of individuals in a population per unit of area |
| Population distribution | how organisms are arranged within an area; sometimes called population dispersion |
| Age Structure | the relative number of organisms of each age within a population; also called age distribution |
| Age Structure Diagram | a chart that shows the age distribution of a population; also called age pyramid |
| Sex Ratio | the proportion of males to females in a population |
| Survivorship Curve | a graph showing the likelihood of survival within a group or population by age |
| Immigration | the movement of individuals to a given area |
| Emigration | the movement of individuals away from a given area |
| Migration | the seasonal movement of organisms into and out of an area |
| Exponential Growth | the pattern of population growth in which a population increases by a fixed percentage each year |
| Limiting Factor | a characteristic of the enviroment that restricts population growth |
| Carrying Capacity | the largest population a given enviroment can support |
| Logistic Growth | the pattern of population growth in which exponential growth is slowed and finally stopped by limiting factors |
| Density-Dependent Factor | a limiting factor whose influence changes with population density; includes competition, predation, and disease |
| Density-Independent factor | a limiting factor whose influence is not affected by population density; includes catastrophic events |
| Biotic Potential | the growth rate of a population under ideal conditions |
Created by:
rileywilliams
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