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7th Cell Vocabulary
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Tissue | A group of cells that work together to perform the same function |
| Organ | A group of tissues that work together to perform the same function |
| Organ System | A group of organs that work together to preform the same function |
| Diffusion | The process of molecules moving from a space where there are a lot of those molecules to a space that does not have so many |
| Osmosis | The process of diffusion of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane |
| Passive Transport | The process in which materials are moved through a cell membrane without using energy |
| Active Transport | The process in which materials are moved through a cell membrane using energy |
| Photosynthesis | The process by which a cell captures the energy in sunlight and uses it to make food |
| Respiration | The process in which cells break down simple food molecules such as glucose and release the energy they contain |
| Selectively Permeable | Describes material that some substances can pass through while others cannot |
| Stomata | Small openings on the undersides of leaves in which carbon dioxide enters |
| Sun | The main energy source for all living things |
| Glucose | A sugar that is a main source of energy for cells |
| DNA | The genetic material that carries information about an organism and is passed from parent to offspring |
| Cell Cycle | The regular sequence of growth and division that cells undergo |
| Chromatid | Each identical rod, or strand, of the chromosome |
| Interphase | The stage in which the cell grows to its mature size, makes a copy of its DNA, and prepares to divide into two cells |
| Mitosis | The stage in which the cytoplasm divides, distributing the organelles into each of the two new cells |
| Cytokinesis | The stage in which the cytoplasm divides, distributing the organelles into each of the two new cells |
| Replication | The process in which the cell makes a copy of the DNA in its nucleus |
| Meiosis | The process by which the number of chromosomes is reduced by half to form sex cells |
| Egg | The female sex cell |
| Sperm | The male sex cell |
| Zygote | A fertilized egg, produced by the joining of the sperm and the egg |
| Gamete | A sperm cell or an egg cell |
| Cell | The basic unit of structure and function in an organism |
| Development | The process of change to produce a more complex organism |
| Growth | The act of becoming larger |
| Homeostasis | The maintenance of the same body conditions no matter what the environmental conditions are |
| Organism | A living thing |
| Reproduce | To produce offspring |
| Response | A change in an organism behavior due to a reaction to the environment |
| Spontaneous Generation | The mistaken idea that living things come from nonliving things |
| Stimulus | A change in the environment that causes the organism to react |
| Unicellular | A single-celled organism |
| Multicellular | Organisms that are composed of many cells |
| Autotroph | Organisms that make their own food |
| Heterotroph | Organisms that cannot make their own food |
| Cell Theory | All living things are composed of cells. Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living things. All cells are produced from other cells. |
| Eukaryotes | An organism with cells that contain a nucleus |
| Prokaryotes | An organism with cells that lack an nucleus |
| Microscope | An instrument that makes small objects look larger |
| Cell Membrane | A cell organelle that controls which substances can enter or leave the cell |
| Cell Wall | A rigid layer of nonliving material that surrounds the cells of plants |
| Chlorophyll | The green pigment in the chloroplasts |
| Chloroplast | The cell organelle that captures energy from sunlight and uses it to produce food for the cell |
| Cytoplasm | The region between the cell membrane and the nucleus that is a clear, thick, gel-like fluid |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum | A passageway that carries proteins and other materials from one part of the cell to another |
| Lysosome | A cell organelle that breaks down large food particles and old cell parts |
| Mitochondrion | A cell organelle that produces most of the energy the cell needs to carry out its functions |
| Nucleus | A cell organelle that controls the cell's activities |
| Ribosome | A cell organelle that makes proteins |
| Vacuole | A cell organelle that stores food, waste, and water for the cell |
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