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Bio
Unit 05-Cell Division
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is term for when there is an uncontrolled growth of cells? | cancer |
| In what mitotic phase do we see the chromatids lined up in the middle (at the equator)? | metaphase |
| Before cell division what is the form of the chromosomes? | chromatin |
| Why should cells be smaller? | need to obtain nutrients and get rid of wastes |
| What does malignant tumor mean? | It can travel and affect tissues around it and possibly other places |
| In animal cells during cytokinesis what gets formed that does not happen in plant cells? | cleavage furrow |
| What happens in the S phase? | The DNA is copied |
| Name 4 reasons why cells division is important: | growth, development, repair, asexual reproduction |
| What hold the sister chromatids together? | centromeres |
| In plant cells during cytokinesis, what gets formed that does not happen in animal cells? | cell plate |
| What does benign tumor mean? | It doesn’t travel and affect different tissues |
| In what part of the cell cycle does the cell spend most of its time? | interphase |
| What are the 4 steps in Mitosis in correct order: | prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase |
| What happens in the G2 phase? | The cell prepares for mitosis |
| What is the goal of mitotic cell division? | get two exact copies of original cell |
| How many daughter cells do we get from mitosis and cytokinesis | 2 identical cells |
| In what mitotic phase do we see the nuclear membrane begin to reappear around the two sets of chromosomes? | telophase |
| What is chromatin made of? | DNA and protein |
| In what mitotic phase do we see the nuclear membrane begin to dissolve and see the sister chromatids clearly? | prophase |
| In what mitotic phase do we see the chromatids moving toward the two poles? | anaphase |
| How do cells know when to divide? | 3 checkpoints |
| What happens in the G1 phase? | the cell grows in size |
| What are the 3 main stages of the cell cycle? | interphase, mitosis, cytokinesis |
| Should cells be larger or smaller? | smaller |
| What are the 3 stages of interphase in correct order? | G1, S, G2 |
| When in S phase, what is the structure of the chromosomes? | sister chromatids |
| What is the term for when chromosomes exchange genetic material? | crossing over |
| Term for any other cell but a reproductive cell (like a skin cell)? | somatic cell |
| What are the 3 ways to get genetic variation through meiosis? | -crossing over -independent assortment -random fertilization |
| What form of asexual reproduction do prokaryotic organisms do? | binary fission |
| In humans the first 22 pairs are called what? | autosomes |
| In what stage does independent assortment occur? | metaphase I |
| What are the 3 reasons DNA is important? | protein production, directs cell activity, determines traits |
| Term for a photo of chromosomes in a dividing cell, arranged by size, that can determine chromosomal abnormalities? | karyotype |
| What is the term for meiosis in males? | spermatogenesis |
| A reproductive cell is haploid or diploid? | haploid |
| What are chromosomes/chromatin composed of? | DNA and protein |
| What type of cell, and how many cells, do we get after telephase I? | 2 cells, haploid |
| What are the two most important purposes of the process of meiosis? | -to half the number of chromosomes -to create genetic variation |
| What are the 3 forms of asexual reproduction? | -binary fission -fragmentation -budding |
| What is the term for when the two chromosomes (a pair) are close together? | tetrad |
| Term for segment of DNA that codes for a particular protein? | gene |
| In what stage in meiosis do sister chromatids line up along the equator? | metaphase II |
| If a human has an XX for their sex chromosomes, are they male or female? | female |
| A somatic cell is haploid or diploid? | diploid |
| What is the term for meiosis in females? | oogenesis |
| What is main disadvantage of asexual reproduction? | no genetic variation |
| How many pairs of homologous chromosomes do humans have? | 23 pairs (46 chromosomes) |
| In what stage does the tetrads line up in the middle? | metaphase I |
| What type of cell, and how many cells, do we get after telephase II? | 4 cells, haploid |
| If a human has an XY for their sex chromosomes, are they male or female? | male |
| What is a general term for a reproductive cell? | gamete |
| In what stage does crossing over occur? | prophase I |
| In what stage do the tetrads move apart to opposite poles? | anaphase I |
| In humans the 23rd pair is called what? | sex chromosomes |
| In meiosis how many times does it go through S phase? | once |
| Another term for reproductive cells | gametes |
| Another term for first fertilized egg | zygote |
| # sets of chromosomes for diploid cells | two |
| What is the term for when sister chromatids do not separate correctly? | nondisjunction |
| What is the general term for when there are 3 copies of an autosome. | trisomy |
Created by:
thompsondk
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