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Weather & Climate
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Water cycle | The continuous movement of water between the atmosphere, the land, the oceans, and living things. |
| evaporation | The change of state from a liquid to gas. |
| transpiration | The process by which plants release water vapor into the air through stomata; also the release of water vapor into the air by other organisms. |
| sublimation | The process in which a solid changes directly into gas. |
| condensation | The change of state from a gas to a liquid. |
| precipitation | Any form of water that falls to Earth's surface from the clouds; includes rain, snow, sleet, and hail. |
| weather | The short-term state of the atmosphere, including temperature, wind, and visibility. |
| humidity | The amount of water vapor in the air. |
| relative humidity | The ratio of the amount of water vapor air to the amount of water vapor needed to reach saturation at a given temperature. |
| dew point | At constant pressure and water vapor content, the temperature at which the rate of condensation equals the rate of evaporation. |
| air pressure | The measure of force with which air molecules push on a surface. |
| wind | The movement of air caused by differences in air pressure. |
| visibility | The distance at which a given standard object can be seen and identified with the unaided eye. |
| air mass | A large body of air throughout which temperature and moisture content are similar. |
| front | The boundary between air masses of different densities and usually different temperatures. |
| jet stream | A narrow band of strong winds that blow in the upper troposphere. |
| thunderstorm | A usually heavy brief, heavy storm that consist of rain, strong winds, lightning, and thunder. |
| lightning | An electric discharge that takes place between two oppositely charged surface, such as between a cloud and the ground, between two clouds, or between two parts of the same cloud. |
| thunder | the sound caused by the rapid expansion of air along an electrical strike. |
| hurricane | A severe storm that develops over tropical oceans and whose strong winds of more than 119 km/h spiral in toward intensely low-pressure storm center. |
| storm surge | A local rise in sea level near the shore that is caused by strong winds from a storm, such as those from a hurricane. |
| tornado | A destructive, rotating column of air that has very high wind speeds that may be visible as a funnel-shaped cloud. |
| sinkhole | A circular depression that forms when rock dissolves, when overlying sediment fills an existing cavity, or when the roof of an underground cavern or mine collapses. |
| wild fire | An unplanned fire in land that is undeveloped except for roads and power lines and other such structures. |
| muck fire | A fire that burns organic material in the soil. |
| Climate | The weather conditions in an area over a long period of time. |
| latitude | The angular distance north or south from the equator; expressed in degrees. |
| topography | The size and shape of the land surface features of region, including its relief. |
| elevation | The height of an object above sea level. |
| surface currents | A horizontal movement of ocean water that is caused by wind and that occurs at or near ocean's surface. |
Created by:
Samara Kolluri
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