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Chapter 3 plants
Lesson 1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Chlorophyll | A green photosynthetic pigment found in the chloroplasts of plants, algae , and some bacteria. |
| Photosynthesis | The process by which plants and other autotrophs capture and use light energy to make food from carbon dioxide and water. |
| Tissue | A group of similar cells that perform a specific function. |
| Chloroplast | An organelle in the cells of plants and some other organisms that captures energy from sunlight and changes it to an energy form that sells can use in making food. |
| Vacuole | A sac-like organelle that stores water, food, and other materials. |
| Cuticle | The waxy, waterproof layer that covers the leaves and stems of most plants. |
| Vascular tissue | The internal transporting tissue in some plants that is made up of tubelike structure that carry water, food, and minerals. |
| Differences between plant and animal cells | Plants cells have chloroplasts, cell walls, and a larger vacuole. |
| Organelle | A tiny cell structure that carries out a specific function within the cell. |
| Chromatin | these strands, called chromatin, contain genetic material, the instructions for directing the cell’s functions. For example, the instructions in the chromatin ensure that leaf cells grow and divide to form more leaf cells. |
| Mitochondrion | Rod-shaped cell structures that convert energy in food molecules to energy the cell can use to carry out its functions. |
| Endoplasmic reticulum | A cell structure that forms a maze of passageways in which proteins and other materials are carried from one part of the cell to another. |
| Lysosomes | A small, round cell structure containing chemicals that break down large food particles into smaller ones. |
| Golgi body | A structure in a cell that receives proteins and other newly formed materials from the endoplasmic reticulum, packages them, and distribute them to other parts of the cell. |
| Describe the 3 main characteristics that all plants share. | They are organisms that produce their own food All plants contain many cells Nearly all plants are autotrophs |
| List the 2 things that a plant needs and the 2 things it makes during photosynthesis. | Carbon dioxide gas and water.They make food and oxygen during photosynthesis. |
| What are 2 reasons why cell walls are important for plants | They are important because the cell wall surrounds the cell membrane and separates the cell from the environment and plant cell walls contain cellulose a material that makes the walls rigid. |
| List the 5 things that a plant needs to survive on land | For plants to survive on land they must have ways to obtain water and other nutrients from their surroundings, retain water, support their bodies, transport materials, and reproduce. |