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Bio Unit 2 Study

TermDefinition
Nucleus Function: Stores the cell’s genetic material (DNA) and controls cell activities. Location: Found only in eukaryotic cells.
Chloroplast Function: Performs photosynthesis to make food for the cell. Location: Found only in plant cells.
Mitochondria Function: Produces ATP energy through cellular respiration. Location: Found in all eukaryotic cells.
Rough ER Function: Makes and modifies proteins using attached ribosomes. Location: Found in eukaryotic cells.
Smooth ER Function: Synthesizes lipids and helps with detoxification. Location: Found in eukaryotic cells.
Cytoplasm Function: Provides a jelly-like environment that supports organelles. Location: Found in all cells.
Ribosomes Function: Produces proteins. Location: Found in all cells, free in cytoplasm or attached to Rough ER.
Cell Membrane Function: Controls what enters and leaves the cell; provides protection. Location: Found in all cells.
Golgi Apparatus Function: Receives, sorts, modifies, and ships cellular materials. Location: Found in eukaryotic cells.
Lysosomes Function: Breaks down waste and worn-out cell parts using enzymes. Location: Found only in animal cells.
Vacuole Function: Stores water, food, and waste. Location: Found in both plant and animal cells, but plants have a large central vacuole.
Cytoskeleton Function: Provides internal structure and support; helps with cell movement. Location: Found in all cells.
Centrioles Function: Helps organize microtubules and aids in cell division. Location: Found only in animal cells.
Nucleolus Function: Produces ribosomes. Location: Found inside the nucleus.
Nuclear Membrane Function: Protects the nucleus and controls movement of materials in and out. Location: Found in eukaryotic cells.
Nuclear Pores Function: Allow substances to move in and out of the nucleus. Location: Found in the nuclear membrane of eukaryotic cells.
Cell Wall Function: Provides strength, shape, and protection. Location: Found only in plant cells.
Microfilaments Function: Support cell shape and aid in movement. Location: Found in all eukaryotic cells; part of the cytoskeleton.
Microtubules Function: Maintain cell shape, transport materials, and aid in cell division. Location: Found in all eukaryotic cells; part of the cytoskeleton.
Plasmodesmata Channels for intercellular transport and communication. Found only in the cell walls of plant cells and some algae.
Gap junctions Channels for rapid transfer of ions and small molecules between cells. Found in the plasma membranes of adjacent animal cells.
Tight junctions Form a selectively permeable seal, preventing fluid leakage between cells. Found at the apical region of adjacent epithelial and endothelial animal cells.
Nucleoid Region Contains the cell's genetic material (DNA). Found in the cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells (not membrane-bound).
Created by: syeduvaka
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