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Bio 162 Chapter 8

QuestionAnswer
What are the three types of muscle tissue? Cardiac, Skeletal, and Smooth
What are a few functions of muscle tissue? Movement, breathing, speaking, and facial expressions
Is skeletal muscle voluntary or involuntary? Voluntary
What 4 characteristics do all muscle tissue share? Excitability, contractability, extensibility, and elasticity
Describe the anatomy of a tendon Muscle fibers are grouped into fasicles fasicles, nerves, and blood vessels are grouped by fascia Fascia connects to connective tissue
What is a motor unit? a single motor neuron and the muscle cells it controls
Why aren't all motor units active at the same time? Allows muscles to modulate the strength of a contraction Protects from fatigue
What is Recruitment? the activation of additional motor units to increase muscle strength and force of contractions
What is cyclic activation and deactivation? Units resting and recovering while others stay active
What is fatigue not being able to sustain an expected force from a muscle
What are the two types of fatigue and their causes? Central: cause by the CNS and psychological mechanisms Peripheral: caused by problems with the neuromuscular junction or the muscle cell
What are the three types of muscle contractions? Isometric, Concentric, and Eccentric
Describe an Isometric contraction Muscle contracts but remains the same length Force produced by the muscle is equal to the force in hand
Describe a Concentric contraction Muscle contracts and shortens Force produced by the muscle is bigger than the force in hand
Describe an Eccentric contraction Muscle contracts and lengthens Force produced by the muscle is less than the force in hand
What is an Antagonistic pair? A pair of muscles that perform movement in joints
What is the Agonist? Muscle performing the action
What is the Antagonist? Muscle that can oppose the action
What is Flexion? A decrease in angle between body parts
What is Extension? An increase in angle between body parts
What is Abduction? Movement away from the midline
What is Adduction? Movement toward the midline
Created by: user-1993985
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