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Kingdom Fungi
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Describe the 2 different hyphae structures in fungi | Hyphae are the indivudual thread like filaments of the mycelium. there's 2 types: Septate hypha (have walls called septa between cells) and coenocytic hypha (which do not) |
| How do fungi obtain their nutriunts? | They screte enzymes to break down + absorb nutrients from dead/decaying organic matter. |
| What mode of nutrition do they use? | they are chemoheterotrophic |
| What is yeast? | Unicellular fungus that reproduces asexually + grows fast |
| How is their nutritional mode related to the role they play in the biosphere? | Fungi are decomposers- they break down organic matter and recycle nutrients back into the atmosphere |
| Fungi cell wall vs plant vs bacteria vs. animal | Fungi: cell wall made of chitin Plants: cell wall made of cellulose Bacteria: cell wall made of peptidoglycan Animal: no cell walls |
| What is the common ancestor of fungi + animals? | A heterotrophic unicellular flagellated organism |
| Do the structures we call "mushrooms" represent most of the fungal body? explain | No. the "mushroom" we see is the reproductive structure which will release spores when reproducing. the main body is actually the mycelium which is hidden underground. |
| What reproduction modes do fungi use? | sexual (2 compatible hyphae from diff. spores will fuse, then nuclei will fuse + create a new organism) or asexual (by fragmentation) |
| Fungi's phylogenetic location (list supergroup + sister taxa) | Supergroup Unikonta, with animals + choanoflagellates. sister taxa are nucleariids |
| What is a pathogenic fungi? | A fungi that can cause dieases in other organisms. ex. candida |
| Why do fungi form mutualistic relationships with plants, animals + photosynthetic microorganisms? | They can exhange nutrients with eachtother so they both benefit |
| List a mutualistic fungi/plant relationship and explain the benefits for both partners | The fungus extends the plants root system allowing it to gain more nutrients from the soil. The plant shares the energy from photosynthesis |
| Fungi main characteristics | eukaryotic, vastly multicellular, heterotrophic (absorptive), mostly immobile, cell walls made of chiton |
| Hyphae function | secrets enzymes to break down a food source to absorb the nutrients from it |
| Mycelium defintion | The main body of the fungus, acts like the roots of a plant to absorb nutrients |
| Saprobes vs parasites | Saprobes: absorb food from dead organisms Parasites: absorb food from living organisms -> hypya can take nutrients directly from the hosts cells |
| the 4 major roles of fungi in the biosphere are | decomposition, mutualism, disease,+ food for other species |
| List a mutualistic fungi/animal relationship and explain the benefits for both partners | Ants provide/protect a space for the fungus, bringing it leaves to feed on. The fungus breaks down the leaves and converts them into nutrients the ants can eat |
| List a mutualistic fungi/photosynthetic microorganism relationship and explain the benefits for both partners | Lichen is algae/cyanobacteria + fungus working together. The fungus gets the carbs from the microorganisms photosynthesis + the microorganism gets water/protection from the fungus |
| How do humans benefit from fungi? | food + food production, medicine (antibiotics), decomposers |
Created by:
every_august
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