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Protists

QuestionAnswer
Protists phylogenetic location Protists are not a monophyletic group/clade. Instead they found across many differnt eukaryotic supergroups
What are the 4 different supergroups protists are found in? Exavata, SAR, Achaeplastida, and Unikonta
What organisms are included in protists? ex. slime molds, amoeba, euglena, protozoa, etc. very diverse organisms
Why was the idea of Kingdom Protista abandoned? Protists do not share a recent common ancestor. Protists are so diverse that putting them together into a kingdom would not be very accurate
Protist nutritional modes autotrophic, heterotrophic + mixotrophic (can use both)
Cellular structure in protists all have a nucleus, membrane bound organelles, +a cell membrane
Modes of reproduction sexual or asexual
Euglena (list supergroup, characteristics + nutritional modes) Supergroup Excavata. unicellular + mixotrophic
Paramecium (list supergroup, characteristics + nutritional modes) Supergroup SAR. unicelluar + heterotrophic. Use cillia for both feeding + locomotion
Red + green algae (list supergroup + characteristics) Supergroup Archaeplastida. Red algae: live deeper in water, mostly multicellular, Green: live near surface. unicellular, colonial
slime molds + amoeba (list supergroup, characteristics + nutritional modes) Supergroup Unikonta. Slime molds: distinct life stages Amoeba: single celled both are heterotrophic + engulf food
brown algae (list supergroup + characteristics) Supergroup SAR. multicellular + plant like bodies + autotrophic. live near surface of water.
2 key ecological roles of protists in the biosphere They are primary producers + some are decomposers that help recycle nutrients
What other roles do protists have? Decomposers, food, photosynthesis, mutualistic symbiosis, parasites
What process is hypothesized for the origin of eukaryotes? Endosymbiosis
How does the endosymbiosis model explain the origin of mitochondra and plastids in eukaryotes? Heterotropic/photosynthetic prokaryotes were engulfed by the eukaryotic cell, lived in a symbiotic relationship. Over time they evolved to the mitochondria + chloroplasts in current eukaryotic cells
What caused the evolution of the eukaryotic cell Infoldings of the plasma membrane in ancestoral prokaryotic cells originated the membrane bound organelles (ex. nuclear envelope, ER, etc)
Colonial definition single cells joined with other single cells to form a colony
Created by: every_august
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