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Ayana Jackson
Chemical Basis of Life Set 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| An electrically charged small negative particle which encircles a nucleus is the _____. A) proton B) neutron C) electron D) positron | C) electron |
| When atoms react chemically they gain, lose, or share _____. A) protons B) electrons C) neutrons D) atomic weights | B) electrons |
| Why is iodine-131 used to assess thyroid function? A) it has a short half-life B) it becomes absorbed into tissues C) it is radioactive D) the thyroid gland uses iodine | D) the thyroid gland uses iodine |
| Lipids include the following except which one? A) fats B) oils C) steroids D) lactose | D) lactose (because lactose is a carbohydrate, not a lipid) |
| Although there are around 116 elements known, about 24 are not naturally occurring. A) True B) False | A) True |
| The time it takes for a radioactive element to lose one-half of its radioactivity is the half-life. A) True B) False | A) True |
| Thallium-201 is usually used to detect cancers and inflammation. A) True B) False | B) False |
| The nucleus of an atom always has a _____ charge. A) unstable B) positive C) negative D) neutral | B) positive |
| What is the charge of an elemental atom? A) negative B) positive C) neutral D) constantly changing | C) neutral |
| The second electron shell can hold a maximum of _____ electrons. A) 2 B) 4 C) 6 D) 8 | D) 8 |
| Chemically stable elements will not _____ under ordinary conditions. A) become radioactive B) chemically react C) disintegrate D) undergo nuclear decay | B) chemically react |
| Carbon atoms tend to form _____. A) covalent bonds B) cations C) anions D) ionic bonds | A) covalent bonds |
| When atoms of different elements combine they form _____. A) gases B) compounds C) molecules D) ionic bonds | B) compounds |
| _____ formulas display the relative positions of each atom within a molecule. A) Empirical B) Structural C) Molecular D) Nuclear | B) structural |
| The following are all electrolytes except which one? A) NaOH B) glucose C) Carbonic acid D) aluminum chloride | B) glucose |
| Which of these molecular formulas represents a compound? A) H2 B) O2 C) N2 D) C6H12O | D) C₆H₁₂O₆ |
| The reaction NaCl → Na+ +Cl-, as written, represents what type of reaction? A) synthesis reaction B) decomposition reaction C) exchange reaction D) reversible reaction | B) decomposition reaction |
| Electrolytes that release hydrogen ions(H+) in water are called ________________. A) acids B) bases C) salts D) electrically neutral | A) acids |
| DNA contains each of the following components, except ______________. A) 5-carbon sugar B) a single polynucleotide chain C) phosphate group D) organic base | B) a single polynucleotide chain |
| Which element has the nuclear configuration of 12/6? A) carbon B) oxygen C) N D) K | A) carbon |
| Which element has the nuclear configuration of 12/6? A) carbon B) oxygen C) N D) K | D) C₆H₁₂O₆ |
| Whenever a partially charged hydrogen comes near a partially charged oxygen on another atom, a _____ bond is formed. A) covalent B) hydrogen C) ionic D) polar covale | B) hydrogen |
| Water tends to dissociate, forming ions; which pH value indicates that the [H+] equals the [OH-]? A) 6 B) 0 C) 7 D) 14 | C) 7 |
| Which of these is the correct formula for a base? A) HCl B) NaOH C) H2SO4 D) H2O | B) NaOH |
| At what pH is a solution completely acidic?____ A) 0 B) 7 C) 14 D) 7.4 | A) 0 |
| Which of these has the highest atomic weight? A) magnesium B) fluorine C) lithium D) sodium | D) sodium |
| Two atoms with the same atomic number but different atomic weights are called _____. A) elements B) isotopes C) molecules D) radioactive | B) isotopes |
| What does a radioactive element do? A) lose neutrons B) lose protons C) undergoes nuclear disintegration D) change their electron shells | C) undergoes nuclear disintegration |
| Radiation in the form of two protons and two neutrons is the _____. A) gamma ray B) electron C) beta particle D) alpha particle | D) alpha particle |
| Which of these can be used to detect heart disease? A) iodine-131 B) gallium-67 C) thallium-201 D) cobalt-60 | C) thallium-201 |
| The only elements that have eight electrons in their outer orbitals and are therefore stable are the _____. A) metals B) non-metals C) gases D) noble gases | D) noble gases |
| What happens to sodium when it loses its outer electron? A) it becomes a negative ion B) it becomes radioactive C) it becomes a positive ion D) nothing | C) it becomes a positive ion |
| In table salt, _____ bonds hold the ions together. A) electrovalent B) electrostatic C) covalent D) hydrogen | A) electrovalent |
| What causes HCl to become an acid? A) the ionic forces B) covalent exchanges with water C) the release of H+ D) the presence of H+ | C) the release of H⁺ |
| A covalent bond is formed whenever two atoms ______ electrons. A) lose B) share C) gain D) keep their | B) share |
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