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the cell
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| total magnification | objective lens x eyepiece lens power |
| what is electron microscope used for | to view cell ultrastructure |
| cell ultrastructure | detail of cells/ cell structures as seen using an electron microscope |
| protoplasm | all living matter in the cell (cell membrane and nucleus) |
| nucleus | contains chromosomes made up of DNA and protein |
| cytoplasm | living material in a cell outside the nucleus. composed of organelles and cytosol |
| cytosol | liquid surrounding the organelles |
| What are cell walls made from | cellulose - a structural carbohydrate |
| function of cell wall | protection, support and strengthen cell. fully permeable |
| where is the cell membrane located | immediately inside the cell wall |
| function of chloroplast | photosynthesis |
| function of vacuole | provide strength to cell ( pushed the cytoplasm out against cell wall - turgor pressure) allows for storage ( contains cell sap with a solution of salts and sugars) |
| what are cell membranes composed of | phospholipids, proteins and marker antigens |
| phospholipids | consist of a phosphate group and a lipid group. arranged into double layers in the membrane called bilayers. phosphate group (water loving) lipid group (water hating) |
| marker antigens | proteins on the surface of the cell, allows cell to be identified as part of the body, so its not attacked by the body's immune system |
| functions of cell membranes | selectively permeable (controls what enters and leaves the cell/organism) retains cell contents and recognizes molecules that touch it |
| structure of the nucleus | has a double membrane contains nuclear pores making it selectively permeable contains DNA and protein (human cells mostly have 46 chromosomes) |
| chromatin | chromosomes when cell is not dividing |
| function of nucleolus | makes ribosomes (RNA) |
| Functions of nuclear structures | controls the cell nuclear pores allow molecules in and out of the nucleus |