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Human Anatomy Review
Wk6 Assignment
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the six levels of structural organization in the human body? | Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, system, and organism. Each level builds upon the previous one, showing increasing complexity and coordination. |
| What is homeostasis and why is it vital for survival? | Homeostasis is the body’s ability to maintain a stable internal environment despite external changes. It keeps conditions like temperature, pH, and fluid balance within narrow limits necessary for cell function. |
| What is the function of the plasma membrane? | The plasma membrane controls what enters and leaves the cell, maintains the internal environment, and allows communication through receptor protein. |
| What are the main layers of the skin and their functions? | The epidermis provides protection, the dermis gives strength and flexibility, and the hypodermis insulates and anchors the skin to underlying tissues |
| What are the three types of muscle tissue and how do they differ? | Skeletal muscle is voluntary and striated, cardiac muscle is involuntary and striated with intercalated discs, and smooth muscle is involuntary and non-striated, found in organs and vessels |
| What role does calcium play in muscle contraction? | Calcium ions released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum bind to troponin, moving tropomyosin away from actin’s binding sites and allowing cross-bridge formation with myosin. |
| What are the two main divisions of the nervous system? | The central nervous system (CNS) includes the brain and spinal cord, while the peripheral nervous system (PNS) consists of nerves and ganglia connecting the CNS to the rest of the body. |
| How is a nerve impulse transmitted along a neuron? | A nerve impulse occurs when sodium ions rush into the neuron during depolarization, followed by potassium ions exiting during repolarization, creating an electrical signal that travels along the axon. |
| What is the function of the cerebellum? | The cerebellum coordinates voluntary movements, balance, and posture by processing sensory input and fine-tuning motor activity. |
| What are cranial and spinal nerves responsible for? | Cranial nerves connect the brain to sensory organs and facial muscles, while spinal nerves connect the spinal cord to the rest of the body, carrying sensory and motor information. |
| What are cranial and spinal nerves responsible for? | Cranial nerves connect the brain to sensory organs and facial muscles, while spinal nerves connect the spinal cord to the rest of the body, carrying sensory and motor information. |
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Lmc0096
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