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Anatomy Weeks 1-5

QuestionAnswer
Local control or _____, intrinsic mechanisms often make use of chemical signals. structural developmental autoregulation autonomous autoregulation
Processes for maintaining or restoring homeostasis are known as sensor mechanisms. integrating mechanisms. set point mechanisms. homeostatic control mechanisms. homeostatic control mechanisms.
The normal reading or range is called the set point. regulatory range. feedback point. integrating range. The normal reading or range is called the set point. regulatory range. feedback point. integrating range.
The relatively constant state maintained by the body is known as anatomy. physiology. metabolism. homeostasis. homeostasis
Because negative feedback control systems oppose changes that are opposite in direction to the initial disturbance, they are slowed or maintained in the homeostatic range. excitatory. passive. stimulatory. slowed or maintained in the homeostatic range.
The concept that information may flow ahead to another process to trigger a change in anticipation of an event that will follow is called integration-forward. control-forward. feed-forward. homeostasis. feed-forward.
Extrinsic control usually involves which mode of regulation? nervous endocrine integration Both A and B are correct. nervous endocrine Both A and B are correct.
Many complex processes of the body are coordinated at many levels. These include intracellular. intrinsic. extrinsic. All of these are correct. intracellular. intrinsic. extrinsic. All of these are correct.
Effectors can be described as organs that are able to identify the variable being controlled. organs that directly influence controlled physiological variables. a type of communication control system. inhibitory regulatory organs. organs that directly influence controlled physiological variables.
Which level of control operates at the cell level, often using genes and enzymes to regulate cell function? intrinsic regulation extrinsic regulation extracellular regulation intracellular regulation intracellular regulation
Which of the following is a basic component of every feedback control loop? sensor mechanism integrating center effector feedback All of these are components of a feedback control loop. sensor mechanism integrating center effector feedback All of these are components of a feedback control loop.
Events that lead to an immune response to an infection or the formation of a blood clot are examples of positive feedback. negative feedback. inhibitory feedback. intracellular control. positive feedback.
The body naturally changes some set points to different values at different times of the day. These daily cyles are called circadian cycles. set point cycles. physiological cycles. feedback cycles. circadian cycles.
What term describes a signal traveling toward a particular center or point of reference? efferent sensory effector afferent afferent
To accomplish self-regulation, a highly complex and integrated communication control system or network is required. This type of network is called a(n) effector control loop. internal environmental control loop. feedback control loop. feedback control loop.
effector activity on sensors may be positive or negative. Therefore, homeostatic control mechanisms are categorized as neutral feedback organs are directly influenced by physiological variables/ omechanisms. active or passive organs that are directly influenced by physiological variables or mechanisms.
The contraction of the uterus during the birth of a baby is an example of _____ feedback. negative positive inhibitory deviating positive
The body's thermostat is located in the: heart. cerebellum. pituitary. hypothalamus. hypothalamus
Which of the following is a protein substance with no DNA or RNA and is thought to be the cause of mad cow disease? Virus Bacteria Prion Protozoan Prion
Pathogenesis can be defined as: a specific disease. a group of diseases. the course of disease development. a subgroup of viruses. the course of disease development.
Epidemiology is the study of the _____ of diseases in human populations. occurrence distribution transmission All of the above are correct. occurrence distribution transmission All of the above are correct.
Which of the following may put one at risk for developing a given disease? Environment Stress Lifestyle All of the above Environment Stress Lifestyle All of the above
Negative-feedback mechanisms: minimize changes in blood glucose levels. maintain homeostasis. are responsible for an increased rate of sweating when air temperature is higher than body temperature. All of the above are correct. maintain homeostasis. are responsible for an increased rate of sweating when air temperature is higher than body temperature. All of the above are correct
Positive-feedback control systems: have no effect on the deviation from set point. accelerate a change. ignore a change. do not exist in human systems. accelerate a change.
Of the 11 major body systems, which is the least involved in maintaining homeostasis? Circulatory Endocrine Lymphatic Reproductive Reproductive
The normal reading or range of normal is called the: sensor point. set point. effector point. integrator point. set point.
Intracellular parasites that consist of DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein coat and sometimes by a lipoprotein envelope are called: viruses. bacteria. fungi. protozoa. viruses
Of the pathogenic organisms, which of the following are the most complex? Viruses Tapeworms Bacteria Protozoa Tapeworms
The term that literally means self-immunity is: autoimmunity. homoimmunity. passive immunity. active immunity. autoimmunity
Intrinsic control: usually involves the endocrine or nervous system. operates at the cellular level. is sometimes called autoregulation. operates at the system or organism level. is sometimes called autoregulation.
Shivering to try to raise your body temperature back to normal would be an example of: the body trying to maintain homeostasis. a positive-feedback mechanism. a negative-feedback mechanism. both A and C. the body trying to maintain homeostasis. a negative-feedback mechanism. both A and C.
Which of the following is not one of the basic components in a feedback control loop? Effector mechanism Transmitter Sensor Integrating center Transmitter
Negative-feedback control systems: oppose a change. accelerate a change. have no effect on the deviation from set point. establish a new set point. oppose a change.
Homeostasis can best be described as: a constant state maintained by living and nonliving organisms. a state of relative constancy. adaptation to the external environment. changes in body temperature. a state of relative constancy.
Created by: attentisme
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