Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Chapter 6 - Biology
Study Guide
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Activation Energy | All reaction must have an initial energy input - energy helps reactant to reach transition state |
| Active Site | Molecules will bind so that the enzyme can help a reaction to occur |
| Allosteric Inhibition | x unsure |
| Anabolic | Metabolic pathway - series of chemical reactions that build a product or break it down - Uses energy -Synthesize (make) larger molecules - Example Photosynthesis |
| ATP | Adenosine Triphosphate -Common energy carrier in cells +consists of Adenine, ribose, and 3 phosphate groups +stores chemical energy (used by cells) |
| Catabolic | Metabolic pathway - series of chemical reactions that build a product or break it down - Release energy - Break down larger molecules - breakdown of glucose example |
| Chemical Energy | Specific type of potential energy - energy that is stored in chemical bond that forms molecules - can be released by catabolic chemical reaction - Molecules with large amount of energy like sugar, fat |
| Coenzyme/Cofactor | Molecules that bind to in-active enzyme change its shape, and allow it to function Coenzymes = organic molecules Cofactor = metal ion |
| Competitive Inhibition | Molecule, that is not the substrate, bind to the enzyme active site and blocks it temporarily - Inhibitor competes with the substrate for access to the active site - reaction rate slow down due to competitive inhibition (but doesn't stop) |
| Denature | Mean - Bond holding the 3d shape break and reform in new shape, shape changes Cause - Heat, pH What happens when it does - Enzyme shape changes, substrate cannot bind to the active site and enzyme cannot speed up the reaction |
| Catalyst | General term for anything that can speed up reaction by reducing activation energy |
| Endergonic | Reaction requires an input of free energy - Product molecules contain more free energy than the reactant - Reaction are non-spontaneous + require the addition of free energy |
| Energy | Ability to do "work" - Work is a force acting on an object that causes the object to move |
| Entropy | Amount of disorder or randomness - Higher entropy = higher randomness/disorder |
| Enzymes | - Biological catalyst - Almost every enzyme is a protein - Reduce the activation energy required for a reaction to start |
| Exergonic | Reaction releases free energy - Reactant stored more free energy than the products + energy has been released out of the reactant bond - for cell work - Called spontaneous reaction |
| Feedback Inhibition | When the final product of a metabolic pathway (multiple chemical reactions in a row) is an inhibitor of the enzyme for the fist reaction in the pathway |
| Free Energy | Energy that could be made available to do work, energy currently within molecular bonds |
| Heat | Common sources of a activation energy -Faster movement of molecules - help reactant run into each other with enough energy to begin their reaction |
| Induced fit model of enzyme action | 1. Substrates enter the active site of an enzyme 2. Enzyme-substrate complex forms 3. Product leave the active site. Enzyme returns to is starting shape |
| Kinetic Energy | Energy of movement |
| Metabolic Pathway | Series of chemical reaction that build a product or break it down -Anabolic and Catabolic |
| Metabolism | All chemical reactant that takes place inside cells |
| Potential Energy | -Stored energy (potential to do work) - like energy stored in chemical bond, the electrical charge in a battery, and water behind a damn |
| Substrate | Reactant in the enzyme reaction |
| Transition State | shape or position that allow a reaction to occur |
| First Law of Thermodynamics | Total amount of energy is constant; energy cannot be created nor destroyed - Total amount of energy within a given system remains constant unless energy is added or removed from the system |
| Second Law of Thermodynamics | Energy can transfer to a different form (potential to kinetic example) - Energy transfer are not 100% efficient + every energy transfer some energy is lost in unusable form like heat (cannot do direct work in cell) |
Created by:
Khanlena
Popular Biology sets