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Plant Cells

Easy definitions of cell parts

QuestionAnswer
Cell Smallest structural element of an organism
Nucleus Control centre of the cell. Contains the DNA of the organism & controls the cell's activities
Cell membrane Flexible layer inside the cell wall - surrounds the cell and controls which substances can pass through it.
Cytoplasm Liquid (mostly water) that makes up most of the cell. Chemical reactions take place within it
Mitochondria Tiny cell parts floating in the cytoplasm where a) energy from glucose in food is released, & b) most respiration happens
Cell Wall A tough outer layer of the plant cell. Contains cellulose which provides strength and support to the plant.
Vacuole A space inside the cytoplasm. Contains a watery liquid called cell sap. It keeps the cell firm.
Chloroplasts Structures found in the cells of green parts of plants only (leaves and stems). Contain chlorophyll (a green colouring). Where photosynthesis occurs.
Photosynthesis A chemical reaction which takes place within chloroplasts of plant cells. Plants use light energy, water and carbon dioxide to create their own food (glucose). Oxygen is released.
Chlorophylls Green pigment (colouring) which absorbs sunlight to provide energy to turn water and and carbon dioxide into glucose (food).
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