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bio 11 ch5&6

DNA and cell division

QuestionAnswer
What does DNA stand for? Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid
What is DNA made of? Nucleotides
Where is DNA found? In the nucleus of EUKARYOTIC cells
What are chromosomes? long chains (strands) of DNA
What are genes? A segment of DNA that codes for (makes) a protein
What is chromatin? A mass of long, thin fibers consisting of DNA and PROTEINS found in the nucleus
Who founded DNA structure? Watson and Crick
What kind of structure does DNA have? Double Helix
What are DNA polymerase? Enzymes responsible for making DNA
What does RNA sand for? Ribo Nucleic Acid
What is transcription? Transcribing the info of DNA into RNA
What does transfer RNA (tRNA) do? collects and transfers amino acids
What are codons? 3-base sequences that that help assemble a protein from amino acids
What does gene regulation control? gene expression
What cells can turn into any other cells they are placed with ? stem cells
Whats the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? eukaryotic cells have a nucleus; prokaryotic cells don't
What is a full set of DNA from an individual organism, or species called? genome
What is a genotype? the genes that an organism carries for a particular trait
What is mitosis? The division of a nucleus into two form two nuclei
A person's unique DNA is carried in which cells? All of them
What are always the same in every DNA? the sugar and the phosphate group
The full set of an individual organism's DNA is called its: genome
In humans, genes make up ______ of the DNA. Less than 5%
Genotype is to phenotype as: recipe is to cookie
To start the transcript process, a large molecule, _____ recognizes a ________. RNA polymerase; promoter site
During transcription, at the point where the DNA strand being copied has an adenine, a(n) _____ is added to the _____. uracil; mRNA
There are different _____ molecules for each of the 20 different amino acids that are used in building proteins. tRNA
Deletions and substitutions are two types of point mutations. Which type is more likely to cause mistranslations of proteins? Deletions, because they shift the reading frame and cause downstream amino acids to be changed.
The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) does what? makes it possible to create to create huge numbers of copies of tiny pieces of DNA
What are the benefits of golden rice? It could help prevent blindness to kids that have a vitamin A deficiency.
what does soil-dwelling bacteria produce? Bt crystals
A VNTR is: A highly variable section of an individuals DNA
96% of the base-pair sequences in chimps and humans are the same. This finding indicates that: humans are more closely related to chimps than any other species.
Created by: natashahurtado
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