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Unit 3
Investigating Newton's Laws
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Newton's 2nd Law of Motion | acceleration of an object is dependent upon the net force acting on the object and the mass of the object |
| Force | a push or pull |
| Mass | the amount of matter in an object |
| Acceleration | the change in an object's direction |
| N (newton) | the unit of measurement to describe force |
| kg or g | the unit of measurement to describe mass |
| m/s2 (meters per second squared) | the unit of measurement to describe acceleration |
| net force | the overall force acting on an object, found by adding or subtracting individual forces acting in the same or opposite directions |
| velocity | the speed of an object in a specific direction |
| Newton's 1st Law of Motion | also known as the law of inertia, states that an object at rest will stay at rest, and an object in motion will stay in motion with the same speed and in the same direction, unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. |
| 9.8 m/s2 | the rate at which all objects fall due to gravity |
| ratio of force to mass (acceleration) | has a direct proportional relationship to net force (as force increases, acceleration increases) |
| quantity (mass) | has an inversely proportional relationship to acceleration (as mass increases, acceleration decreases) |
| acceleration depends on | an object's mass and the net force acting on the object |
| inertia | an object's resistance to a change in its state of motion, meaning a stationary object will remain at rest and a moving object will continue moving at a constant speed in a straight line unless an outside force acts on it. |
| system | an organized group of interconnected parts, objects, or processes that work together to achieve a common purpose or produce a specific result |
| Newton's 3rd Law of Motion | Newton's Third Law of Motion states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. This means that forces always occur in pairs |
| balanced forces | when two or more forces acting on an object are equal in strength and opposite in direction, resulting in a net force of zero |
| unbalanced forces | forces that are not equal in size and do not cancel each other out |
| Laws that work together to explain motion. These laws DO NOT function separately. | Newton's Laws of Motion |
| stability | when the net force of an object is at zero and an object's motion does not change |
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