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Earth Science 21
Climate and climate change
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is climate? | The average weather in an area over a period of time. |
| What is conservation? | The preservation and wise use of earth's resources. |
| What are the two things that affect climate? | temperature and precipitation |
| What is the main thing that determines temperature of an area? | Latitude |
| Why is it hotter at the equator than anywhere else on earth? | It's hotter at the equator because the sun's rays are hitting almost vertically instead of at an angle. |
| What causes seasons? | The earth's tilt on its axis causes seasons. When part of the earth is tilted closer to the sun, that part of the earth has summer. |
| What is 23.5 degrees north latitude called? | It is called the Tropic of Cancer. |
| What is 23.5 degrees south latitude called? | It is called the Tropic of Capricorn. |
| What is between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn? | The tropics |
| What are the areas between the north pole and the Tropic of Cancer and between the South Pole and the Tropic Capricorn called? | The temperate zones |
| How does a body of water near land affect precipitation? | Usually causes more precipitation |
| What are monsoons? | winds in Asia that blow from the Indian Ocean and bring rain and then reverse and bring dry wind from the desert. |
| How do mountains affect precipitation? | The block clouds, so rain falls on one side of the mountain and it's dry on the other. |
| What are the six climate zones? (You won't have to name these, but you will have to pick them out of a list.) | temperate continental, polar, temperate marine. tropical rainy, dry, highlands |
| Which climate has large temperature swings , cold winters, short summers, and a medium amount of precipitation? | temperate continental |
| What climate is the northern US? | temperate continental |
| What climate has little precipitation, low temperature, and very few plants? | polar |
| What climate is northern Cananda? | polar |
| What climate is near water, and has moderate temperature and precipitation? | temperate marine |
| What climate in the Pacific Northwest of the US? | temperate marine |
| What climate is warm, rainy, and has lots of insects and plants? | tropical rainy |
| What climate is the Amazon rain forest? | tropical rainy |
| What climate has very little rain, variable temperature, and is far from bodies of water? | dry |
| What climate is the Sahara Desert? | dry |
| What climate has low temperature, variable precipitation, and high elevation? | highlands |
| What climate is the Rocky Mountains? | highlands |
| What is the difference between climate change and global warming? | Global warming is a type of climate change. Climate change is any change in climate--heating, cooling, etc. |
| Can science answer if the earth is warming? | Yes, but need a consistent way to measure temperature over a long period of time. |
| How has climate changed throughout history? | Earth's climate has gone through many periods of warming, cooling, and even Ice Ages. |
| What is El Nin'o? | A change in the trade winds that causes flooding in some parts of the world and droughts in others. |
| How can erupting volcanoes change climate? | The ash in the atmosphere can temporarily block the sun, causing cooler temperatures. |
| What two natural causes could cause climate change? | the amount of energy the sun puts out or many volcanoes erupting at the same time |
| How much has the temperature increased on earth in the past 100 years? | About 1 degree Celsius |
| What two human activities could be causing global warming? | burning fossil fuels and deforestation |
| What is the name of the sealed area created to try to reproduce earth so we could see if a space colony was possible? | Biosphere 2 |
| Why was Biosphere 2 a failure? | Earth's climate and ecosystems was too complicated to reproduce on a small scale. |
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