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Ocean/Atmosphere
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Particle | A tiny, invisible piece of matter that makes up everything around us |
| Water Cycle | The continuous movement of water on, above, and below Earth's surface, changing from liquid to gas (vapor) and solid (ice) as it travels from oceans and land to the atmosphere and back again |
| Precipitation | Any form of water (liquid or solid) that falls from clouds to the Earth's surface, such as rain, snow, sleet, or hail |
| Transpiration | The process of evaporation in which a plant releases water from its leaves as water vapor into the air |
| Evaporation | The process where a liquid, like water, changes into a gas or vapor, which then disappears into the air |
| Condensation | The process where a gas, like water vapor, cools down and changes into a liquid |
| Crystallization | The process where a solid forms from a liquid by arranging its atoms or molecules into an organized, repeating pattern called a crystal |
| Density | How tightly packed the particles of a substance are, or how much "stuff" (mass) is packed into a certain amount of space (volume) |
| Runoff | Water that flows over the land's surface instead of soaking into the ground, often due to rain, snowmelt, or human activity like watering plants |
| Air Pressure | The force of air pushing down on everything, like a heavy weight pressing on the Earth's surface |
| Atmosphere | The layer of gases surrounding a planet, like a blanket, that contains the right mixture of gases and particles to support life |
| Pressure | The amount of force acting on a certain area |
| Humidity | The amount of water vapor (tiny water particles) in the air |
| Wind Speed | How fast the air is moving |
| Wind Direction | The direction from which the wind is blowing, not the direction it is going towards |
| Air Mass | A large body of air that has similar temperature and humidity throughout its entire volume |
| Latitude | The distance of a place north or south of Earth's equator |
| Altitude | The height of an object or place above a reference point, typically sea level or the Earth's surface |
| Flow | The movement of something, such as a liquid, gas, or energy, from one place to another in a continuous or steady way |
| Barometer | An instrument that measures air pressure |
| Anemometer | A tool that measures how fast the wind is blowing |
| Dew Point | The specific temperature that air must cool down to for water vapor in the air to turn into liquid water, which forms dew on surfaces or fog in the air |
| Occluded Front | A type of weather front where a faster-moving cold front catches up to a warm front, lifting the warm air completely off the ground and combining cold and warm front weather in one place, which often leads to precipitation and changing conditions |
| Stationary Front | A boundary where two different air masses (one warm, one cold) meet but neither is strong enough to move the other, causing the front to stop moving and remain in place for a period of time |
| Warm Front | The boundary where a warmer air mass is moving into and replacing a cooler air mass |
| Cold Front | The edge of a cooler air mass that is moving into and pushing out a warmer air mass |
| Climate | General weather patterns over a long period of time |
| Atmospheric Pressure | The force or push from the weight of the air above us, pressing down on everything on Earth |
| Current | The continuous, directed movement of ocean water, like a river within the ocean, driven by factors such as wind, differences in water density (temperature and saltiness), and the Coriolis effect from Earth's rotation |
| Coriolis Effect | The apparent curve in the path of a moving object, like air or water, caused by the Earth's rotation |
| Cloud | A large, visible group of very tiny water droplets or ice crystals floating in the atmosphere |
| Air Mass Circulation | The continuous, large-scale movement of huge bodies of air called air masses around the Earth |
| Rain Shadow | A dry area on the side of a mountain range that faces away from the wind |
| Longitude | The distance of a place east or west of Earth's prime meridian |
| Temperature | A measure of how hot or cold something is |
| Kinetic Energy | The energy an object has because it is moving |
| Energy Transfer | The movement of energy from one place to another |
| Conductor | A material that maximizes the flow of electric current or heat through it with minimal resistance |
| Insulator | A material that minimizes the flow of energy, such as electricity, heat, or cold |
| Convection | A process of heat transfer that occurs in fluids (liquids or gases) through the movement of matter. Warmer, less dense portions of the fluid rise, while cooler, denser portions sink. |
| Conduction | The transfer of energy, such as heat or electricity, through direct contact between particles or materials |
| Radiation | Transmission of energy in the form of waves or particles that travel through space or a material. |
| Equator | The imaginary line that divides Earth into northern and southern hemispheres (halves) |
| Ocean Current | Ocean water flowing in a continuous path |
| Prevailing Winds | Winds that move in one direction and are strong enough to push ocean currents |
| Upwelling | A process in which deep, cold water rises toward the surface of the ocean |
| Prime Meridian | An imaginary line on the Earth's surface that runs from the North Pole to the South Pole, with a longitude of 0 degrees |
| Norther and Southern Hemispheres | These are divided by the equator, an imaginary line that circles the globe horizontally at 0° latitude |
Created by:
rachael.deatherage
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