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bio 3
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| biome | a group of ecosystems that share similar climates and typical organisms |
| ecosystem | all the organisms that live in a place together with their nonliving environment |
| ecology | scientific study of of interactions among organisms and their environment |
| community | assemblage of different populations that live together in a defined area |
| population | group of individuals of the same species that live in the area |
| species | a group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring |
| biosphere | part of earth in which life exists, including land, water and air/atmosphere |
| biotic factor | any living part of the environment with which an organism might interact |
| abiotic factors | physical or nonliving factor that shapes an ecosystems |
| autotrop | organisms that is able to capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce its own food from inorganic compounds. also called a producer |
| primary producer | first producer of energy rich compounds that are later used by other organisms |
| photosysthesis | process used by plants and other autotrophs to capture light energy and use it to power chemical reactions that convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen |
| chemosynthesis | process in which chemical energy is used to produce carbohydrates |
| heterotroph | organism that obtains food by consuming other living things; also called a consumer |
| consumer | organism that relies on other organisms for its energy and food supply. called heterotroph |
| carnivore | organism that obtains energy by eating animals |
| herbivore | organism that obtains energy by eating only plants |
| scavenger | animals that consumes the carcasses of other animals |
| omnivore | organisms that obtains energy by eating both plants and animal |
| decomposer | organism that breaks down and obtains energy from dead organic matter |
| detritivore | organisms that feed on plant and animal remains and other dead matter |
| food chain | series of staps in an ecosystems in whicj organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten |
| phytoplantain | photosynthetic algae found near the surface of of the ocean |
| food web | network of complex interactions formed by feeding relationships among the various organisms in an ecosystems |
| zooplancten | small free floating animals that form part of plankton |
| tropic level | each step in a food chain or food web |
| ecological pyramid | illustration of the relative amounts of energy or matter contained within each trophic level in a given food chain or food web |
| biomass | total amount of living tissue within a given tropic level |
| biogeochemical cycle | process in which elements chemical compounds and other forms of matter are passed down from one organism to another and form one part of the biosphere |
| nutrient | chemical substance that ab organism needs to sustain life |
| nitrogen fixation | process of converting nitrogen gas into nitrogen compounds that plants can absorb and use |
| denitrification | process by which bacteria converts nitrates into nitrogen gas |
| limiting nutrient | single essential nutrient that limits productivity in an ecosystem |
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