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Earth System
unit 10
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Earth system | All of the nonliving, living things, and processes that make up the planet earth |
| geosphere | The rocky part of the earth that extends from the center of the core to the crust of the earths surface |
| hydrosphere | The portion of the earth that is water |
| cryosphere | One of Earths Spheres where star is in solid form |
| atmosphere | A mixture of gases that surrounds a planet, moon, or a other celestial body |
| biosphere | The part of earth where life exists |
| energy budget | A way to keep track of energy transfers into and out of the earth system |
| air pressure | The measure of force with which air molecules push on a surface |
| thermosphere | The upper most layer of the atmosphere, where temperature increases altitude increases |
| mesosphere | The strong lower part of the mantle between the atmosphere and the outer core |
| stratosphere | The layer of the atmosphere that lies between the troposphere and the mesosphere that also contains the ozone layer. |
| troposphere | The lowest layer of the atmosphere in which temperature drops and altitude increases |
| ozone layer | The layer of the atmosphere at an altitude of 15 to 40hm in which ozone absorbs ultraviolet solar radiation |
| greenhouse effect | The warming of the surface and lower atmosphere of earth that occurs when water vapor, carbon dioxide, and other gases absorb and reradiate thermal energy |
| temperature | The measure of how how or cold something is |
| thermal energy | The total kinetic energy of a substances atoms |
| thermal expansion | An increase in the size of a substance in response to an increase in the temperature in the substance |
| heat | The energy transferred between objects that are at different temperatures |
| radiation | The transfer of energy as electromagnetic waves |
| convection | The movement of matter due to differences in density that are caused by temperatures variations |
| conduction | The transfer of energy as heat through a material |
| wind | The movement of air caused by differences in air pressure |
| Coriolis effect | The curving of the path of a moving object due to earths rotatiom |
| global wind | The movement of air worldwide |
| jet stream | A narrow band of winds that flow in the upper part of the troposphere |
| local wind | Wind that blows in a particular area |
| Ocean current | A movement of ocean water that follows a regular pattern |
| Surface current | A horizontal movement of water that is caused by wind and is near the oceans surface |
| Deep current | A stream like movement of ocean water far below the surface |
| Convection current | Any movement of matter that results in differences in density |
| Upwelling | The movement of deep, cold, and nutrient rich water to the surface |
Created by:
madyson moore
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