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Ch. 3

QuestionAnswer
atom the smallest unit of an element that maintains the chemical properties of that element
element a substance that cannot be seperated or broken down into simpler substances by chemical means
valence electron electrons in the outermost level or shell
compound a substance made of the bonded atoms of two or more different elements
molecule a group of atoms held together by covalent bonds.
ion an atom or group of atoms that has an electric charge because it has gained or lost electrons
cohesion the force that holds moelcules of a single material together
adhesion the attractive force between two bodies of different substances that are in contact with each other
solution a mixture in which ions or molecules of one or more substances are evenly distributed in another substance
acid compounds that form extra hydronium ions when dissolved in water
base compounds that form extra hydroxide ions when dissolved in water
pH is a measure of how acidic or basic a solution is
buffer a substance that reacts to prevent pH changes in solutions
carbohydrate molecules made of sugars
lipid another class of bimolecules, which include fats, phospholipids, steroids, and waxes.
protein a moleecule made up of amino acids
amino acid building blocks that link to form proteins
nucleic acid a long chain of nucleotide units
nucleotide a molecule made up of three parts: a sugar, a base, and a phosphate group
DNA contain the sugar deoxyribose
RNA contain the sugar ribose
ATP cells need a steady supply of adenosine triphosphate
energy the capacity to do work
reactant a substance or molecule that participates in a chemical reaction
product a substance that forms in a chemical reaction
activation energy the minimum amount of energy required to start a chemical reaction
enzyme a molecule that increases the speed of biochemical reactions
substrate the shape of the active site determines which reactants will blind to it
active site the region where the reaction takes place
Created by: martinoa14
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