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CP1 Bio Ch.2

QuestionAnswer
Atom The smallest unit of matter that cannot be broken down by chemical means.
Element A substance made up of atoms that have the same number of protons.
Valence electrons Electrons in the outermost level, or shell
Compound A substance made of the bonded atoms of two or more different elements.
Molecule A group of atoms held together by covalent bonds.
Ion An atom or group of atoms that has an electrical charge because it has gained or lost electrons.
Cohesion The attraction of particles of the same substance.
Adhesion Attraction between particles of different substances.
Solution A mixture in which ions or molecules of one or more substances are evenly distributed in another substance.
Acids Compounds that form extra hydronium ions when dissolved in water.
Bases Compounds that form extra hydroxide ions when dissolved in water.
pH A measure of how acidic or basic a solution is.
Buffer A substance that reacts to prevent pH changes in a solution.
Carbohydrates Molecules made of sugar.
Lipids Another class of biomolecules, which includes fats, phospholipids, steroids, and waxes.
Protein A molecule (usually a large one) made up of amino acids.
Amino Acids Building blocks that link to form proteins.
Nucleic Acid A long chain of nucleotide units.
Nucleotide A molecule made up of 3 parts: a sugar, a base, and a phosphate group.
DNA Nucleotides of deoxyribonucleic acid.
RNA Nucleotides of ribonucleic acid.
ATP Cells need a steady supply of adenosine triphosphate.
Energy The ability to move or change matter.
Reactant A substance that is changed in a chemical reaction.
Product A new substance that is formed.
Activation energy The minimum kenetic energy that colliding particles need to start a chemical reaction.
Enzyme A molecule that increases the speed of biochemical reactions.
Active site The region where the reaction takes place.
Substrates The shape of the active site determines which reactons.
Created by: fosterm14
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