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earth system science
science
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| earth system | All of the nonliving things, living things, and processes that make up the planet Earth, the hydrosphere , the atmosphere, and the biosphere. |
| geosphere | The mostly solid, rocky part of Earth; extends from the center of the core to the surface of the crust. |
| hydrosphere | The portion of air that's is water |
| cryosphere | One of Earth spheres where water is in solid form, including snow cover, floating, glaciers, ice caps, ice sheets,and frozen ground permafrost. |
| atmosphere | A mixture of gases that surrounds a planet, Moon, or other celestial. |
| biosphere | The pat of Earth where life exist; includes all of the living organism on Earth. |
| energy budget | The net flow energy into and out of a system. |
| air pressure | The measure of the force with which air molecules push on a surface. |
| thermosphere | The uppermost layer of the atmosphere, in which temperature increases as altitude increases. |
| mesosphere | The layer of the atmosphere between the stratosphere and the thermosphere and in which temperature decreases as altitude increases. |
| stratosphere | The layer of the atmosphere that lies between the troposhere |
| troposhere | The lowest layer of the atmosphere, in which temperature drops at a constant rate altitude increases; the part of the atmosphere where weather conditions exist. |
| ozone layer | the layer of the atmosphere at an altitude of 15 to 40 km in which ozone absorbs ultraviolet solar radiation. |
| green house effect | The warning of the surface and lower atmosphere of Earth that occurs when water vapor, carbon dioxide, and other gases absorb and reradiate energy. |
| temperature | A measure of how hot or cold |
| thermal energy | The total kinetic energy of a substance atoms. |
| thermal expansion | An increases in size of a substance in response to an increase in the temperature of the substance. |
| heat | The energy transferred between objects that are at different temperatures. |
| radiation | The transfer of energy as electromagnetic waves. |
| convection | The movement of matter due to difference in density; the transfer of energy due to the movement of matter. |
| conduction | The transfer of energy as heat through a material. |
| wind | The movement of air caused by difference in air pressure. |
| Coriolis effect | The curving of the path of a moving object from an otherwise straight path due to earth rotation. |
| global wind | The movement of air over Earth surface in patterns that are worldwide. |
| jet stream | A narrow band of strong winds that blow in the upper troposphere. |
| local stream | The movement of air over short distance; occurs in specific areas as a result of certain geographical features. |
| ocean current | A movement of ocean water that follows a regular pattern. |
| deep current | A stream like movement of ocean water far below the surface. |
| convection current | The movement of matter due to difference in density; the transfer of energy due to the movement of matter. |
| upwelling | The movement of deep, cold, and nutrient-rich water to the surface. |
| surface current |
Created by:
Aydan Napier
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