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Cell Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Cell | The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of all forms of life. Every cell consists of cytoplasm enclosed within a membrane. |
| Osmosis | the cell membrane between the cell interior and its relatively hypnotic environment |
| Cell Theory | Cell theory is a scientific theory first formulated in the mid-nineteenth century, that living organisms are made up of cells. |
| Cell Wall | A cell wall is a structural layer that surrounds some cell types, found immediately outside the cell membrane. |
| Cell Membrane | A cell membrane is a thin layer that surrounds every living cell and separates the inside of the cell from the outside world. It acts like a protective barrier, keeping the parts of the cell together and controlling what goes in and out, similar to a gate |
| Nucleus | The cell nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle found in eukaryotic cells. |
| Organell | In cell biology, an organelle is a specialized subunit, usually within a cell, that has a specific function. |
| Ribosome | Ribosomes are macromolecular biological machines found within all cells that perform messenger RNA translation. |
| Nucleic Acid | Nucleic acids are large biomolecules that are crucial in all cells and viruses. |
| Selectively Permeable | Semipermeable membrane is a type of synthetic or biologic, polymeric membrane that allows certain molecules or ions to pass through it by osmosis. |
| Cytoplasm | The cytoplasm is all the material within a eukaryotic or prokaryotic cell, enclosed by the cell membrane, including the organelles and excluding the nucleus in eukaryotic cells. |
| Mitochondria | A mitochondrion is an organelle found in the cells of most eukaryotes, such as animals, plants and fungi. |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum | The endoplasmic reticulum is a part of a transportation system of the eukaryotic cell, and has many other important functions such as protein folding. |
| Golgi Apparatus | The Golgi apparatus, also known as the Golgi complex, Golgi body, or simply the Golgi, is an organelle found in most eukaryotic cells. |
| Chloroplast | A chloroplast is a type of organelle known as a plastid that conducts photosynthesis mostly in plant and algal cells. |
| Lysosome | A lysosome is a membrane-bound organelle that is found in all mammalian cells, with the exception of red blood cells (erythrocytes). |
| DNA | DNA is a polymer composed of two polynucleotide chains that coil around each other to form a double helix. |
| Passive Transport | Passive transport is a type of membrane transport that does not require energy to move substances across cell membranes. |
| Active Transport | In cellular biology, active transport is the movement of molecules or ions across a cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration—against the concentration gradient. |
| Diffusion | Diffusion is the net movement of anything generally from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration. |
| Tissue | an ensemble of similar or dissimilar in structure but same in origin cells that together carry out a specific function |
| Organ | a group of tissues organized to serve a common function |
| Organ System | An organ system is a biological system consisting of a group of organs that work together to perform one or more bodily functions. |
| Endocytosis | Endocytosis is a cellular process in which substances are brought into the cell. |
| Exocytosis | Exocytosis is a form of active transport and bulk transport in which a cell transports molecules out of the cell. |
Created by:
Juvenson
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