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Stack #4515527
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| the basic membrane-bound unit that contains the fundamental molecules of life and of which all living things are composed | cell |
| an instrument that can be used to observe small objects, even cells | microscope |
| a group of cells that possess a similar structure and perform a specific function | tissue |
| a collection of tissues that structurally form a functional unit specialized to perform a particular function. EX: heart, kidneys, and lungs | organ |
| a group of organs that work together to perform one or more functions. EX: The Respiratory System and Circulatory System | organ system |
| any organism that lacks a distinct nucleus and other organelles due to the absence of internal membranes. EX: Bacteria | prokaryote |
| organisms whose cells have a nucleus. EX: All animals, plants, fungi, and protist | eukaryote |
| a rigid layer of polysaccharides lying outside the plasma membrane of the cells of plants, fungi, and bacteria. In the algae and higher plants it consists mainly of cellulose | cell wall |
| consists of a lipid bilayer that is semipermeable. The cell membrane regulates the transport of materials entering and exiting the cell | cell membrane |
| the gelatinous liquid that fills the inside of a cell. It is composed of water, salts, and various organic molecules | cytoplasm |
| a minute cylindrical organelle near the nucleus in animal cells, occurring in pairs and involved in the development of spindle fibers in cell division | centriole |
| plant cell organelles that convert light energy into relatively stable chemical energy via the photosynthetic process | chloroplast |
| membrane-bound cell organelles that generate most of the chemical energy needed to power the cell's biochemical reactions, such as cellular respiration. | mitochondria |
| he membrane-enclosed organelle within a cell that contains the chromosomes and acts as the control center | nucleus |
| an intracellular structure made of both RNA and protein, and it is the site of protein synthesis in the cell | ribosome |
| organelle that helps process and package proteins and lipid molecules | Golgi Body/Golgi Apparatus |
| production of phospholipids, detoxification of the cell, and transports the products of the rough ER to other cellular organelles, especially the Golgi apparatus | Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum |
| organelle that forms an interconnected network of tubules, vesicles within the cell and involved in the synthesis of proteins. | Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum |
| A storage organelle. In animal cells, vacuoles are generally small and help sequester waste products. In plant cells, vacuoles help maintain water balance | vacuole |
| bubble-like membranous structure that stores and transports cellular products, and digests metabolic wastes within the cell | vesicles |
| membrane-enclosed organelles that contain an array of enzymes capable of breaking down all types of biological polymers—proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids | lysosomes |
| hairlike fibers outside of eukaryotic cells that allow for movement, communication, and aid in feeding | cillia |
| long, slender, whiplike cellular structure used generally for locomotion | flagella |
| a partially permeable membrane or a differentially permeable membrane, is a membrane that will allow certain molecules or ions to pass through it | Semipermeable/Selectively Permeable |
| when the concentration of particles is higher in one area than another | Concentration Gradient |
| a type of membrane transport that does not require energy to move substances across cell membranes. EX: Simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis | passive transport |
| the movement of molecules or ions across a cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration—against the concentration gradient. Active transport requires cellular energy. EX: membrane pumps, endocytosis, exocytosis | active transport |
| A process in which the substance moves through a semipermeable membrane or in a solution without any help from transport proteins | Simple Diffusion (Diffusion) |
| the diffusion of solutes through transport proteins in the plasma membrane | Facilitated Diffusion |
| the movement of water molecules from a solution with a high concentration of water molecules to a solution with a lower concentration of water molecules, through a cell's partially permeable membrane | osmosis |
| transmembrane proteins that actively move ions and/or solutes across biological membranes against a concentration or electrochemical gradient | membrane pump |
| captures substances from outside the cell by engulfing them with the cell membrane | endocytosis |
| releases vesicle contents to the outside of the cell by fusing with the plasma membrane | exocytosis |
| is the state of steady internal, physical, chemical, and social conditions maintained by living systems. This is the condition of optimal functioning for the organism and includes many variables, such as body temperature and fluid balance | homeostasis |
Created by:
ansleyg123
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